LED begins to walk fast
Dongguan's LED love, have to start from the beginning. Since 2008, various levels of government have successively issued a series of policies to promote Dongguan LED enterprises into the "fast walking era." In April 2009, the Ministry of Science and Technology announced the list of pilot cities for semiconductor lighting application engineering (referred to as “Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Citiesâ€), and a total of 21 “Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Cities†projects were carried out in the pilot cities. Dongguan was successfully selected. Last year, the National Development and Reform Commission issued industrial guidance, demanding that by 2015, the LED industry should reach 500 billion yuan, and the domestic chip market share will reach 70%.
As early as December 2008, the “Thousand Miles of 100,000†project of the Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province was launched. It is necessary to build a 100,000-inch LED streetlight demonstration and promotion project in 7 cities including Guangzhou, Dongguan, Foshan and Shenzhen. At the beginning of July this year, Guangdong Province issued the "Development Draft for the LED Industry Development Plan of Guangdong Province (2010-2015)", proposing to focus on promoting the accelerated development of the LED industry, and strive to make the scale of the LED industry in Guangdong exceed 300 billion yuan by 2015. Built a global LED packaging center and the largest production and application base.
In mid-July, the Dongguan municipal government designated the LED industry as a “strategic emerging industry†and integrated it into Dongguan’s “five-year multiplication†(multiple output value in five years) plan, vigorously cultivated and supported. On July 20th, Dongguan City held a preparatory meeting for the Semiconductor Lighting Industry Association, and elected the head of the association and the governing body. Since then, the LED industry in Dongguan has ended the history of no LED industry association. The LED industry in Dongguan once gave the impression of “multiple, small, chaotic†or began to change.
The three “lighting projects†of the country, the province and the city have been launched, not only to light up the street lights in Dongguan, but more importantly, after the financial crisis, a fire has been lit up in Dongguan – strategic emerging Industrial LEDs have thus entered the "fast walking era."
Industry standards are still floating
"We now think that only 1W LED light source is considered to be high-power." Zhang Wenliang, the person in charge of Qinshang Optoelectronics, told reporters that last year, people in the LED industry generally believed that the power of each light source can be greater than 0.5W. It is considered a "high power" LED. But this year, the industry has raised this standard by a factor of two, and each LED above 1W is considered "high power." Fan Ningning, executive deputy general manager of Ford Electronics, also expressed similar views with Zhang Wenliang.
Correspondingly, the development of LEDs is the result of flowering. According to Wu Ling, secretary-general of the China Semiconductor Alliance, in the 1960s, the luminous efficiency of 0.11 watts increased by a thousand times and reached the current 110 watts. In the process, there have been applications. As a white light, there is a broad market space.
The constant change of "standards" reflects the continuous improvement of LED technology.
Just as the definition of "high-power" LED light source is constantly adjusted, the standard for LEDs for lighting is constantly being improved from "nothing." In 2009, Dongguan Qinshang Optoelectronics established the local standard for LED street lights in Guangdong Province. Since the standard at that time was based on Qinshang Optoelectronics, it was subject to many “resistances†in the industry. By this year, this standard has become a “small dish†for many companies.
However, whether it is domestic or foreign, the standard of LED for lighting is still quite lacking, especially the upstream epitaxial wafer and chip technology. The inspection and testing standards are still an unsolved problem.
Li Zili, senior engineer of Guangdong Provincial Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, said frankly: "There is no relevant testing organization in China that can detect the power and life of LED chips."
The true "core" hero dream of Dongguan
In the LED industry chain for lighting, the problem is not only the imperfection of product standards, but more importantly, the "non-standard" of the development direction. Focusing on market research and neglecting the core technology is the biggest problem facing Dongguan LED enterprises. Although Dongguan has formed a certain foundation in emerging strategic industries such as LED and small-size flat panel display, it faces a low proportion of emerging industries, a relatively late start of planning, and weak support for core technologies and high-end talents. The flagship enterprise of Li, the overall competitive advantage is not obvious and other bottlenecks.
Not long ago, Liu Zhigeng, secretary of the Dongguan Municipal Party Committee, said that Dongguan has made good plans for the development of emerging industries such as LED. In this year, it is necessary to actively promote the “five-year multiplication†plan for emerging strategic industries, and introduce financial support, project construction, government procurement, and market expansion. Supporting preferential policies in terms of talent support and other aspects, and strive to cultivate several major industries including LEDs as the leading industries that lead the development of the whole city in five years, and realize that the total industrial output value of emerging strategic industries will double.
However, seeing the government's strong financial and policy support, many companies seem to be "confusing." Many companies have only focused on the money invested by the government and started to play the "edge ball."
"The research and development of chips and epitaxial wafers should be invested too much, ranging from a few hundred million to more than a few billion yuan. We don't have that much financial power now." A related person from Kelei Electronic told reporters that the problems faced. According to reports, at present, only the Fudi Electronics is developed in the city, and only the epitaxial wafers are being developed. Qinshang Optoelectronics, which has set the local standards for Guangdong Province, has not been involved in the R&D and design of chips and epitaxial wafers. Other small enterprises have not dared to get involved because of financial and technical problems. However, they are keen to focus on the fields of "art lighting" and "cultural lighting". On the surface, they are catering to the market demand of "lighting culture" in Dongguan and even the whole country. In fact, they are seeking more profit margins.
It is understandable that companies survive for profit. Dongguan has a developed manufacturing base, and it is a very wonderful thing to let culture and art talk to Dongguan's manufacturing industry. However, in the choice of general lighting research and development and "art lights", they are more willing to develop "art lights."
The person in charge of a well-known LED company in Dongguan said: “The value of an LED lamp can be quantified. Art is priceless. Therefore, the art of lighting and lighting is invaluable. The profit here is more than the simple manufacturing and processing of LED lamps. Ten times." And this idea can make a lot of resonance in the industry. "Now everyone is vying for the market. As for the core technology research and development of chips, we still have to accumulate enough capital to get involved."
Despite the government's investment in so many funds, talents and preferential policies, the LED industry may end up in the middle and lower stages of the industrial chain such as packaging and market. The subsidy will eventually remain at the "global LED packaging center and the largest product production and application base". The level. Chips and epitaxial wafers that account for nearly 40% of the cost of LED lamps may continue to rely on imports.
In fact, in order to let Dongguan have a "core" of its own, the Dongguan Municipal Government has "added love" to Fudi Electronics, and this year alone invested nearly 200 million yuan to support its research and development of LED chips. At present, the technology of chips and epitaxial wafers is still struggling, and only Fudi Electronics and China-German Semiconductor are in Dongguan. Fudi Electronics is still in the final stage of trial, and high-power (1W or more) LEDs will not be mass-produced until the end of this year or early next year.
LED companies have a long road to profitability
Although Dongguan has the "Semiconductor Lighting Industry Association", it is inevitable that there will be competition and ruthless killing among LED companies to compete for the market. Moreover, the battlefield is not only Dongguan, but also the whole country and abroad. The procurement of street lamps led by the government makes it more difficult for non-local companies to open up markets. "Dongcheng intends to purchase 2000 LED street lights this year, of which 1000 ç› order name Bangchen Optoelectronics took away." A person in charge of Dongcheng City said frankly, "Whether it is from GDP or taxation, we will certainly favor local enterprises. "This view is not individual and is mainstream in many local governments. And for those companies that do not have the strength to participate in the bidding, orders are hard to fall.
In addition, the LED industry chain is very long, and it is necessary to carry out multi-disciplinary and multi-field cross-integration industries, and small enterprises have difficulty in cooperating with each other. It is understood that as of the end of 2009, the scale of this industry is more than 100 billion yuan, and the number of enterprises is huge, but the scale and strength of the industry are generally small. Among the nearly 4,000 companies, 80% are in the middle and lower reaches of the industrial chain, and there are less than 50 upstream chip companies. In Dongguan, there are also nearly 300 LED-related manufacturing companies.
Since LED products are mainly street lamps, and all rely on national financial procurement, the competition is fierce. Wu Ling, secretary-general of the National Semiconductor Alliance, once pointed out: "It should be good if there are still three or five homes that can survive in the 50 years of this (upstream)."
"With the continuous maturity of midstream and downstream technologies such as packaging, more and more enterprises are participating in this kind of market competition." Zhang Yun, a related person of Keleide Optoelectronics Co., said that before 2008, the company's LED business has been in Loss status, until 2009 began to profit. “Now many small LED companies are not profitable yet!â€
In addition, because low-power LEDs are not subsidized by the state in the civilian, family, supermarket and other markets, the price is about 10 times that of the same wattage fluorescent lamp, which makes it difficult to open up the market.
Corporate core sound
"The research and development of chips and epitaxial wafers is too big, ranging from a few hundred million to a few billions. We don't have that much money now."
"Now everyone is vying for the market. As for the core technology research and development of chips, we still have to accumulate enough capital to get involved."
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