What is a plasma TV (PDP)?
Plasma TV (PDP) definition:
Plasma display, or PDP for short. It is a novel direct-view image display device after cathode ray tube (CRT) and liquid crystal screen (LCD). Plasma displays are excellent video display devices and high-definition computer monitors with outstanding image effects and unique direct drive of digital signals. It will be the best display screen for high-definition digital TVs. It is called plasma display screen in Taiwan.
PDP (Plasma Display Panel, Plasma Display Panel, called plasma display in Taiwan) is a display technology that uses gas discharge, and its working principle is very similar to fluorescent lamps. It uses a plasma tube as a light-emitting element, each plasma tube on the screen corresponds to a pixel, the screen uses glass as a substrate, the substrate is separated by a certain distance, and the surroundings are hermetically sealed to form a discharge space. The discharge space is filled with mixed inert gas such as neon and xenon as working medium. The inner surfaces of the two glass substrates are coated with conductive metal oxide films as excitation electrodes. When voltage is applied to the electrodes, the gas mixture in the discharge space will cause plasma discharge. The gas plasma discharge generates ultraviolet rays, and the ultraviolet rays excite the fluorescent screen, which emits visible light and displays an image. When a phosphor screen coated with phosphors of three primary colors (also called three primary colors) is used, ultraviolet light excites the phosphor screen, and the light emitted by the phosphor screen exhibits three primary colors of red, green, and blue. When each primary color unit achieves 256 levels of gray and then performs color mixing, color display is achieved. Plasma display technology can be divided into two categories: direct-current PDP with electrodes in direct contact with gas and alternating-current PDP with dielectric layer covered on the electrodes according to their working methods. At present, there are three main types of color PDP researched and developed: single substrate type (also known as surface discharge type) AC PDP, double substrate type (also known as opposite discharge type) AC PDP and pulse storage DC PDP.
PDP is not "only a transitional technology" as some LCD manufacturers predict, its inherent advantages determine its vitality. From the perspective of technical principles, since the luminous plasma tubes in the PDP screen are evenly distributed in the plane, the center and edge of the displayed image are completely consistent, there will be no distortion, and a true pure plane is realized. Because there is no electron beam movement in the display process, there is no need to resort to electromagnetic fields, so the external electromagnetic fields will not interfere with it, and it has good environmental adaptability. I believe this is also the long-term use of the US military for military equipment. important reason.
Since PDP lighting does not require a background light source, there are no viewing angle and brightness uniformity issues for LCD displays, and higher brightness and contrast are achieved. And the design that the three primary colors share the same plasma tube also avoids the problems of focusing and convergence, and can achieve a very clear image. Compared with LCD display technology, the larger the PDP screen, the higher the depth of field and fidelity of the image. In addition to the advantages of brightness, contrast and viewing angle, PDP technology also avoids the response time problems in LCD technology, and these characteristics are the most important factors in dynamic video display. Therefore, from the current technical level, PDP display technology has more obvious advantages in the field of dynamic video display, and is more suitable for use as a TV or home theater display terminal, especially the large-screen display is more suitable for the upcoming HDTV. The PDP monitor has no scanning line scanning, and the pixels are completely developed for the pixels, so the image is clear and stable without flicker, and will not cause eye fatigue. PDP is also free of X-ray radiation. Because of these two characteristics, PDP can be called a truly green display product.
How Plasma TV (PDP) works
In the past 75 years, a large number of mainstream TV sets have been manufactured by the same technology, that is, cathode ray tube (CRT). CRT is mainly composed of electron gun, deflection coil and cathode ray tube. The cathode ray tube is made of glass, so it is very fragile, and the screen has jitter that is not noticeable, but its fatal weakness is not the above, but its excessively large volume. One rule of CRT technology is: the larger the screen area, the longer the picture tube. Only in this way can the scanning electron gun have enough depth space to hit the electron beam on the entire screen.
The new PDP TV has begun to seize the market and become the spokesperson for the replacement of fashionable TV. This new TV has the same wide display screen as the TV produced based on CRT technology, but its thickness is only about 10 cm. The formation of PDP images mainly depends on the brightness produced by the high-energy electron beam hitting millions of small dots (we call them "pixels") on the screen. On most TVs, there are three ( Red, green, and blue) pixels of the three colors are evenly distributed on the entire screen. All colors can be mixed with the selected three monochromatic lights in an appropriate ratio, and most color lights can also be decomposed into specific three monochromatic lights. These three selected colors are called three primary colors. The three primary colors are independent of each other. Any one of the primary colors cannot be obtained by mixing the other two primary colors. However, they can be mixed in different proportions to obtain different other colors.
Plasma display screen is a display device using gas discharge, this screen uses a plasma tube as a light-emitting element. A large number of plasma tubes are arranged together to form the entire full screen. Each plasma tube serves as a pixel, and each pixel is composed of three different colors of luminous bodies-red, green, and blue. The combination of light and dark and color changes of these pixels produces images of various grayscales and colors, which is very similar to the principle of CRT. The central element of the plasma tube is the plasma, which is a gas composed of free flowing ions (charged atoms) and electrons (negatively charged particles). Under normal circumstances, the gas is mainly composed of uncharged particles, that is, a single gas molecule includes the same number of protons (positively charged particles in the nucleus) and electrons, negatively charged electrons and positively charged particles The protons maintain a perfect balance, so the net charge of the atom is zero.
If you put some electrons into the gas by increasing the voltage, it will immediately change. The free electrons collide with the atoms and make the number of electrons in the atoms unbalanced, which will make them positively charged. And produced ions. If a current flows through the stable plasma, the negatively charged particles will rush to the areas of positively charged particles, and the positively charged particles will also kill the areas of negatively charged particles.
In such a movement, the particles of both sides continuously collide. These impacts excited the gas atoms in the plasma, causing them to emit light. This working principle is very similar to ordinary fluorescent lamps.
The small cell corresponding to each plasma on the plasma display screen is filled with neon and xenon atoms, and emits light when they are hit. In general, the light emitted by these atoms is only ultraviolet light, and ultraviolet light cannot be discerned by the human eye. But it is these ultraviolet light that stimulates the light we see.
Plasma TV (PDP) Advantages and Disadvantages Plasma display technology proves to have higher technical advantages than traditional kinescopes and LCD liquid crystal displays, manifested in:
1. Compared with direct-view CRT TVs, PDP monitors are smaller and lighter, and have no X-ray radiation. In addition, because the structure of each light-emitting unit of the PDP is completely the same, there will be no image geometric distortion common to kinescopes. The brightness of the PDP screen is very uniform-there is no bright area and dark area, unlike the brightness of the picture tube-the center of the screen is higher than the surrounding brightness, and the PDP will not be affected by the magnetic field and has better environmental adaptability. There is no focusing problem on the PDP screen, so it completely eliminates the intractable disease of certain areas of the picture tube or the defocusing that has been defocusing for a long time; the color drift phenomenon of the picture tube will not occur, and the flat surface also makes the corners of the large screen The distortion and color purity at the location are completely improved. At the same time, its high brightness, large viewing angle, full color and high contrast mean that the PDP image is clearer, the colors are more vivid, the experience is more comfortable, and the effect is more ideal, which makes the traditional TV amazing.
Second, compared with LCD liquid crystal display, PDP display has the advantages of high brightness, good color reproduction, rich grayscale, and fast response to rapidly changing pictures. Because the screen brightness is as high as 150 Lux, you can enjoy large-screen video programs in a bright environment. In addition, PDP has a wide field of view, which can provide exceptionally bright, even and smooth pictures and an unprecedented larger viewing angle. The viewing angle of the PDP is as high as 160 degrees. The ordinary TV set is severely distorted when viewed in a place greater than 160 degrees. As for the LCD screen with a viewing angle of only about 40 degrees, it is even more unprecedented. In addition, PDP's flat and thin appearance makes its advantages more obvious, especially suitable for public information display, wall-mounted large-screen TV and automatic monitoring system.
3. Because the PDP display is easy to "operate" and match "combat" with the large-scale integrated circuit, it can be put into battle with ease. The parts in the body can be disassembled, the process is convenient, the structure is simpler, and it is suitable for modern mass production. At the same time, it can greatly reduce the size and weight of the machine, the effect is very ideal.
Of course, the special structure of the PDP plasma display screen also brings some weaknesses. For example, because the plasma display is a flat design, and the glass on the display is extremely thin, its surface cannot withstand too much or too little atmospheric pressure, nor can it withstand unexpected heavy pressure. Each pixel of the PDP display screen independently emits light by itself. Compared with the use of an electron gun in a CRT TV, the power consumption is greatly increased. Generally, the power consumption of plasma displays is higher than 300 watts, which is a big consumer of household appliances in the future. Due to the high heat generation, multiple sets of fans are installed on the back panel of the PDP monitor for heat dissipation. In addition, PDP prices are relatively high, mainly used in public places, such as airports, railway stations, exhibition venues, corporate seminars, academic conferences and remote meetings.
Plasma TV (PDP) classification
1. DCPDP
The discharge gas is in direct contact with the electrode, the external series resistance of the electrode is used for current limiting, the light emission is located on the surface of the cathode, and it is continuous light emission consistent with the voltage waveform.
2. ACPDP
The discharge gas and the electrode are separated by a transparent dielectric layer. The isolation layer is used for current limiting of the series capacitor. The discharge is driven by the alternating pulse voltage due to the DC blocking effect of the capacitor. For this reason, there is no fixed cathode and anode. The light emission is located on the surface of the two electrodes, and is alternately pulsed.
3. SM-PDP
Replace the traditional dielectric barrier with a metal shadow mask. It has the advantages of simple manufacturing process and easy realization of mass production; low discharge voltage, high brightness and fast response frequency.
How to choose a plasma TV (PDP)
Most consumers who know PLASMA know the brightness, contrast, and pixels from the data sheets printed by the manufacturer. But it is a pity that in many cases, the quality of audio-visual equipment is measured by numbers, and often it does not reflect the real results; for example, the contrast of light and dark, the industry has not yet set a standard to measure, and even the test environment has not yet reached a consensus, so Then there are some data marked 800: 1 to 10000: 1 with a difference of several times.
As for the resolution, taking the currently popular 42-inch model as an example, it can be roughly divided into two different specifications, namely 852 x 480 and 1024 x 1024. From the digital point of view, the latter resolution must be higher than the former, but with the current technology Say, unfortunately in the same size of PLASMA, if the higher the pixel, the brightness will relatively decrease! And why there is such a contradiction? To give a simpler example, on a wall of the same area, install it closely The horizontal 852-row and straight 480-row bulbs must have a higher brightness than the horizontal 1024-row and straight 1024-row bulbs installed on the wall of the same area. Because each bulb has a larger volume, the brightness is relatively high. You can say that small bulbs also have high fire number models, then the problem can be solved, but as mentioned in the previous text, the limited luminosity of each PIXEL CELL cannot be solved technically, because the problem is still not as simple as the light bulb; There must be a so-called dot pitch between PIXEL CELL and PIXEL CELL, and the dot pitch does not emit light. The higher the pixel, the higher the dot pitch occupies the entire PLASMA area, which will also affect the brightness. However, Pioneer has already solved such problems, and using the extra-deep honeycomb structure developed by itself not only improves the brightness, it is much higher than that of ordinary PDP screens, but also reduces power consumption.
In addition, with current TV program sources and DVD sources, the required resolution is only 500 lines and 625 lines of PAL system, and the general TV or PLASMA will also have a built-in multiplier to coordinate the source and display. Resolution, but the random line multiplier, its effect can go there, I believe everyone has understood in the usual observation. Otherwise, there will not be tens of thousands or even more expensive doubler on the market! According to the above, unless the user uses an external high-quality doubler or connects to the computer with the PLASMA display to play in XGA format, just like The dynamic HD converter in the Pure Drive pure drive system independently developed by Pioneer has the same function. It rearranges the input low-resolution signals according to the screen resolution. The pixel-to-pixel display is doubled in price The thread is much cheaper. Of course, if the screen size is larger, the 852 x 480 will make the resolution insufficient and the screen particles thicker, especially when watching HDTV programs in the future, whether the screen resolution is high or not will have a very big effect on the image quality. Function, so the 43-inch resolution produced by Pioneer is 1024 × 768, and the 50-inch resolution is 1280 x 768.
Plasma TV (PDP) development prospects
Although PDP was born a few years ago, it has not been widely accepted by users. The main reason is that its price is high, and the quality of dynamic pictures has not exceeded that of ordinary TVs. Therefore, plasma TVs have not yet entered the market in recent years. . However, there are still a lot of big companies adopting a positive attitude. Not only did they not abandon the development of plasma TVs, but they also produced second-generation plasma TVs. Panasonic is one of them. The second-generation plasma uses another kind of scanning. The method, called Dual Scanning Method, is to divide the entire TV screen into upper and lower halves, and then scan the upper and lower screen at the same time. The advantage of this is that it can shorten the scanning time, but increase The scanning times of the upper and lower halves of the screen make the light and darkness and color of the whole screen more even and natural. MSSD (MulTI-Split Subfield Drive System) can effectively reduce the noise of dynamic pictures, and you can see detailed pictures even when enjoying sports programs.
Having 2-3 Pull Down and Gamma-10 functions is already the designated action of Plasma TV, so there are no surprises. Instead, it is worth mentioning that the 64-step 9x magnification function and Screen Wiper technology; the former is smoother and clearer than the previous 16-step magnification function. Screen Wiper is a new technology for residual images, because in the past when watching TV programs with Plasma TV, when the station logo appeared in the upper right corner of the screen for a long time, the screen will leave residual images. And this function is like the car's water dial, which allows you to set the time and let the brush sweep the screen from left to right to eliminate the residual image.
According to a survey conducted by Display Search, a world-renowned market research organization, global shipments of plasma (PDP) TVs increased by 87% in the first quarter of 2006 compared with the same period last year, reaching 1.7 million units, while LCD TVs shipped 740 in the first quarter Ten thousand units, an increase of 135% over the same period last year.
In terms of shipments, LCD TVs have overwhelmed plasma TVs. However, the data also shows that plasma is still dominant in the 40-inch to 44-inch TV field, and the share of the 50- to 54-inch TV field is positive. Gradually increase.
In addition, the annual growth rate of China's plasma TV market is slower than other countries, only 10%, and shipments in the first quarter of this year decreased by 15% compared with the previous quarter. In the global plasma TV market, China's market share was 9% in the first quarter of this year, compared with 15% in the same period last year.
The difference between LCD TV and PDP
At the International Information Display Society (SID) meeting held recently, the liquid crystal display (LCD) and the plasma display (PDP) continue to compromise each other.
Market data from research institutions such as iSuppli and DisplaySearch shows that LCD has obvious advantages, and LCD manufacturers have invested billions of dollars to build next-generation factories. However, the speech of analyst Larry Weber in the display industry attracted the attention of some LCD supporters, making the already calm meeting full of gunpowder. Larry Weber is a long-term advocate of PDP and the former president of Panasonic's PDP subsidiary Plasmaco.
Larry Weber reminded hundreds of listeners in his speech that PDP sales are still much higher than LCDs in product areas larger than 37 inches. This product area is also the coveted goal of LCD manufacturers' capacity expansion plans. Larry Weber said in an interview with the international electronic business cooperation media "EE TImes" after the meeting that PDP is different from LCD and has no serious problems in terms of material cost or production capacity. He also admits that PDP needs to improve the circuit to solve problems such as power consumption.
Larry Weber also pointed out that LCD manufacturers have been very successful in promoting their technology with great fanfare. In contrast, PDP vendors have not done enough to promote their technology. In his speech, Weber also refuted some misunderstandings of the industry about PDP, such as limited life and aging. Weber pointed out: "After a few hundred hours, the PDP will stabilize. The LCD has the same problem." Larry Weber also said that many PDPs currently have a lifetime of 60,000 hours, which is comparable to other display technologies.
Interestingly, when Larry Weber claimed that LCD viewing in dark rooms was not good, Bruce Berkhoff, executive vice president of LG.Philips LCD, retorted that most people watch displays in well-lit environments.
Larry Weber said that the 30-40-inch TV market may be the battlefield between LCD and PDP, but he admitted that 32-inch PDP may exit. But analysts disagree. Paul Semenza, an analyst at market research firm iSuppli, believes that PDP will move away from the market below 42 inches. DisplaySearch's Ross said that although 37-inch PDPs are very popular in Japan and Europe, ordinary American families think they are too small.
Berkhoff of LG.Philips LCD interjected: "Market demand determines that the industry will abandon 30-30 inch (PDP) displays."
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