1 background
The limits and measurement methods for radio frequency disturbances from lighting equipment are clearly defined in CISPR 15 (GB17743). However, CISPR 15 (GB17743) only considers the final product and product accessories that can be replaced by users in the market, such as: indoor and outdoor use of lamps, semi-lamps, self-ballasted fluorescent lamps and independent accessories (including ballasts, Converter, dimming device, remote control device, etc.). CISPR 15 does not have a corresponding inspection method and test arrangement for the replaceable built-in accessories in the luminaire. CISPR 15 specifically states: the accessories intended to be installed inside the luminaire, even if the accessory itself meets the requirements, the luminaire still needs to be tested.
Most of the electronic ballasts, which are suitable for both traditional double-ended fluorescent lamps and single-ended fluorescent lamps, which have been used more recently, are widely used in different types of lamps; the same electronic ballast is not only different. Manufacturers are used in luminaires and are used by the same manufacturer for different types of luminaires. In fact, the same electronic ballast is in different types of lamps, and the detection results are different due to different installation methods, wiring orientation and disposal.
It is not feasible to change the basic principles of CISPR 15 (GB17743). The current status quo is that there is no limit requirement and inspection method for the separate built-in luminaire accessories in CISPR 15 (GB17743).
Based on the current situation, the CISPR F subcommittee has considered that there must be an independent test method for detecting built-in accessories in the radio spectrum. CISPR 30 is the first standard in the field to produce a built-in electronic ballast for single-ended and double-ended fluorescent lamps.
CISPR 30: First edition 2001-02 "Test Method for Electromagnetic Emission of Electronic Ballasts for Single-Ended and Double-Ended Fluorescent Lamps".
The standard is divided into six chapters, namely: scope, reference standards, conformity determination, test methods, reference lamps, and lighting design guidance. The content is as follows.
2. area
CISPR 30 is a technical report that refers to the detailed data of the reference luminaires required for electronic ballast testing. It is suitable for Class I luminaires using electronic ballasts and is attached to CISPR 15 for an independent detection method for detecting radio disturbance characteristics. standard. The fluorescent lamps used in this technical report covering electronic ballasts are: double-ended fluorescent lamps using G5 or G13 caps and single-ended fluorescent lamps using 2G7, 2G11, G24q, GX24q caps.
The so-called Class I luminaire is defined in accordance with GB7000.1-2002/idtIEC60598-1:1999: the protection against electric shock of the luminaire not only depends on the basic insulation, but also includes additional safety measures, that is, the accessible conductive parts. Connect to the protective earth conductor in the fixed line of the facility so that accessible conductive parts do not become charged when the basic insulation fails. Generally speaking, it is a lamp with grounding protection.
The so-called double-capped fluorescent lamp (Double-capped fluorescent lamp), in accordance with the definition of GB/T10682-2002 neq IEC 60081:1997 is: double-lamp tubular low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp. Most of the light is emitted by the UV-activated phosphor coating produced by the discharge. That is, fluorescent lamps with two lamp holders, the currently used 36W, 18W, etc. are all such lamps, as shown in Figure 1.
The so-called single-ended fluorescent lamp (Single-capped fluorescent lamp) is defined in accordance with GB/T 17262-2002 neq IEC 60901:2000: an internal starting device with a single lamp head or an external starting device and connected to an external circuit. Fluorescent light. At present, the ring light tube with a lamp cap and the energy-saving lamp tube which are common on the market are representative of such a lamp tube, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
This technical report clearly specifies that it can be applied to devices connected to a 230V, 50Hz power network. Therefore, it must be corrected for Other power systems.
3 Reference standards
CISPR 15:2000 "Limitations and Methods of Measurement of Radio Disturbance Characteristics of Electrical Lighting and Similar Equipment".
4 Compliance judgment
Electronic ballasts installed in a suitable reference luminaire, if considered to be in compliance with CISPR 15 radio frequency disturbance limits, shall have terminal voltage limits in accordance with CISPR Table 2a and their radiated disturbance limits in accordance with Table 3, which shall be external The disturbance voltage limit of the control terminal of the ballast of the control device complies with Table 2b of CISPR 15, and the disturbance voltage limit of the load terminal is not applicable.
It should be noted that the reference luminaire is not the worst luminaire, and the use of the reference luminaire does not correctly reflect the performance of the actual luminaire. The actual luminaires installed with the built-in ballasts tested do not automatically meet the requirements of CISPR 15. This means that even if the reference luminaire in which the electronic ballast is installed meets the CISPR 15 limit, the electronic ballast to be tested should be re-tested when installed on other luminaires to determine if the luminaire meets the CISPR 15 limit. Requirements.
5 Test methods
The ballast must be installed in the reference fixture as described in clause 5.
For lamps with more than one lamp, all lamps must work simultaneously.
The test of the reference luminaire shall be carried out in accordance with the test methods described in CISPR 15 8.1 and 9.1.
The test must use a lamp fitted with a suitable ballast.
The working conditions of the lighting equipment of Article 6 of CISPR 15 shall be applied during the test.
6 reference lamps
6.1 Structure
The reference lamp is made of a metal plate having a thickness of 1 mm ± 0.1 mm, and the outer dimensions are as shown in Figs. 4 to 9 . The metal plate is placed on an insulating material slightly larger than the thickness of the flat plate of 20 mm ± 2 mm. The ballast and lamp holder are mounted on a metal plate. It is suitable for tubular fluorescent lamps with ordinary lamp diameter less than or equal to 25mm and 20mm±1mm and lamp diameter greater than 25mm. The height of the lamp holder should be 9mm±1mm between the lamp and the metal plate. Single-ended fluorescent lamps must be mounted on the plane of the centerline between the tube and the metal plate, with the ends supported on a small piece of insulating material.
The length of the metal plate must match the dimensions shown. The reference luminaire used for double-ended fluorescent lamps should be able to meet the length of each design lamp. If some fluorescent tubes differ only slightly in length, the length of the reference luminaire used must exceed the length of each tube.
6.2 Grounding
The metal network must be connected to the reference ground of the V-shaped network.
If the ballast has a grounding terminal, the terminal must be connected to the metal plate with the shortest possible cable. The connection of the ballast with the metal casing to the metal plate must ensure a sufficient electrical connection.
6.3 Wiring reference luminaires must use the recommended multi-strand cable and must not be bent. Connect the cables together and install as close as possible to the metal plate. For the voltage and current used, the wiring capacity and dielectric strength are sufficient. The reference luminaire is connected to the artificial power supply network, and the connection to the CISPR receiver is consistent with the requirements of CISPR 15 (as shown in Figures 5 and 6).
7 Guide to luminaire design
When the electronic ballast is integrated with the luminaire, the ballast installation method and the luminaire design itself will affect the radio disturbance characteristics of the luminaire. It can be recommended by the manufacturer of the ballast to the designer of the luminaire to indicate which factors may affect the characteristics of the radio disturbance of the luminaire.
The following basic design rules should be followed when designing the luminaire:
(1) Minimal wiring used in the luminaire;
(2) Separate the power line, control line and lamp as much as possible;
(3) If it is not possible to separate, use a shield sleeve when installing the power cord and control line;
(4) to ensure reliable electrical contact and reliable connection of all metal parts in the lamp to the built-in ballast;
(5) If there is a metal shield around the lamp, make sure that the function is well grounded.
8 Conclusion
The release of CISPR 30 ended the inconsistency of the electromagnetic emission test method for built-in electronic ballasts for fluorescent lamps, providing a standard method for testing the radio disturbance characteristics of electronic ballasts, providing a luminaire designer and manufacturer with a standard Guidelines that meet the CISPR 15 limits.
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