According to the EU's anti-dumping procedures, the four basic elements of the EU's determination of anti-dumping duties are the existence of dumping, damage, the causal relationship between dumping and damage, and taxation in line with the EU's common interests. Is the European Commission really doing this "integrated interest"? It does not seem to be the case.
The direct victims of the anti-dumping duties are consumers in the EU. Since 2001, the EU has imposed an anti-dumping duty of up to 66.1% on energy-saving light bulbs produced in China for a period of five years. After the expiration, a 15-month investigation was conducted, and anti-dumping measures still apply during the investigation. In order not to suffer losses, European importers and distributors can only allocate the increased cost to consumers. According to the investigation of the European Union's consumer rights protection organization, it is precisely because of the anti-dumping duties imposed, artificially raising the price of energy-saving light bulbs in the EU market, directly harming the interests of consumers.
Some EU energy-saving light bulb manufacturers have also suffered losses. With the development of economic globalization, more and more EU companies have shifted their production bases to developing countries such as China, where labor costs are lower, and then exports their products to the EU to reduce costs. The Dutch company Philips, which is based in China, is a large-scale energy-saving light bulb manufacturer in the European Union, and its annual anti-dumping duties are up to 20 million euros. Not only Philips, but a considerable number of energy-saving light bulbs produced in China are actually produced by EU companies in China, so the continued imposition of anti-dumping duties also harms the interests of EU companies.
In addition, the promotion of energy-saving light bulbs and the phasing out of incandescent light bulbs is one of the important measures for the EU to promote greenhouse gas emission reduction and energy conservation goals. According to some sources, the energy-saving light bulb produced by the EU can only meet one quarter of its market demand, and the rest must rely on imports. The EU's levying of anti-dumping duties has restricted the import of energy-saving light bulbs, which will directly affect the realization of the EU's emission reduction and energy-saving goals, which has also caused dissatisfaction among environmentalists.
From this point of view, anti-dumping measures do not actually satisfy the overall interests of the EU. On the contrary, it is only the individual enterprises of the EU that profit. They are hiding under the anti-dumping "protection banner". They don't think about how to enhance their competitiveness. They just satisfy the status quo and rely on "anti-dumping sticks" to drive away or suppress overseas and even local competitors. Even the EU itself has gradually realized that anti-dumping measures have actually “spoiled†those companies that are not competitive in the EU, harming the interests of EU multinational corporations, and “running away†good and cheap goods.
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