Electronic enthusiast network finishing: This article is a summary of the relevant knowledge about the hybrid power system compiled by the editor. Everyone learn together, welcome to leave a message ...
1. Basic knowledge of hybrid power system
1. Hybrid Electric Vehicle (Hybrid Electrical Vehicle, HEV for short) refers to a car equipped with two power sources at the same time-a thermal power source (generated by a traditional gasoline engine or diesel engine) and an electric power source (battery and electric motor). By using electric motors in hybrid vehicles, the power system can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual operating conditions of the entire vehicle, and the engine remains in the area with the best overall performance, thereby reducing fuel consumption and emissions.
2. The working principle of hybrid car
The power system of a hybrid electric vehicle is mainly composed of a control system, a drive system, an auxiliary power system, and a battery pack.
Take the series hybrid electric vehicle as an example to introduce the working principle of the hybrid electric vehicle.
At the beginning of the vehicle, the battery is in a fully charged state, and its energy output can meet the vehicle requirements, and the auxiliary power system does not need to work. When the battery power is less than 60%, the auxiliary power system starts: when the vehicle energy demand is large, the auxiliary power system and the battery pack provide energy to the drive system at the same time; when the vehicle energy demand is small, the auxiliary power system provides energy to the drive system At the same time, the battery pack is also charged. Due to the existence of the battery pack, the engine is operated in a relatively stable working condition, and its emissions are improved.
Hybrid vehicles use smaller engines that can meet the needs of car cruising, relying on electric motors or other auxiliary devices to provide additional power required for acceleration and climbing. The result is improved overall efficiency without sacrificing performance. Hybrid vehicles are designed to recover braking energy. In traditional cars, when the driver steps on the brakes, this energy that could be used to accelerate the car is thrown away as heat. However, hybrid vehicles can recover most of this energy and temporarily store it for acceleration. When the driver wants maximum acceleration, the gasoline engine and electric motor work in parallel to provide starting performance comparable to a powerful gasoline engine. In situations where acceleration is not too demanding, hybrid vehicles can run on electric motors alone, or on gasoline engines, or a combination of the two to achieve maximum efficiency. For example, a gasoline engine is used when cruising on the road. When driving at low speed, it can be driven by the motor alone, without the assistance of the gasoline engine. Even when the engine is turned off, the electric power steering system can still maintain the steering function, providing greater efficiency than traditional hydraulic systems.
3. Classification of hybrid power system
A. According to the connection mode of the hybrid drive, the hybrid system is mainly divided into the following three categories:
a: Series hybrid power system. Series hybrid power systems generally use an internal combustion engine to directly drive a generator to generate electricity. The generated electrical energy is transmitted to the battery through the control unit, and then transferred from the battery to the motor to be converted into kinetic energy. Finally, the vehicle is driven by the speed change mechanism. In this connection mode, the battery is like a reservoir, but the object of regulation is not the amount of water, but electrical energy. The battery regulates the energy generated by the generator and the energy required by the motor to ensure the normal operation of the vehicle. This kind of power system has more applications on city buses, and it is rarely used on cars.
b: Parallel hybrid power system. The parallel hybrid system has two sets of drive systems: the traditional internal combustion engine system and the motor drive system. The two systems can work together at the same time or work independently to drive the car. This system is suitable for many different driving conditions, especially for complex road conditions. The connection method has a simple structure and low cost. Honda's Accord and Civic use a parallel connection.
c: Hybrid hybrid power system. The characteristics of the hybrid hybrid power system are that the internal combustion engine system and the motor drive system each have a mechanical transmission mechanism. The two mechanisms are combined through a gear system or a planetary gear structure to comprehensively adjust the speed between the internal combustion engine and the motor. relationship. Compared with the parallel hybrid power system, the hybrid power system can adjust the power output of the internal combustion engine and the operation of the motor more flexibly according to the operating conditions. This connection method has a complicated system and high cost. Prius uses a hybrid connection method.
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