Analysis of smart home application of power line carrier communication technology

1, smart home mainstream technology

The birth of smart home is very early, and it has been in China for more than ten years. However, the development of smart home in China has been tepid. Until the application of Internet of Things technology in recent years, the field has been widely recognized by the public. At the beginning of 2012, the state decided to include smart homes in the nine industries of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”. In the past two or three years, the rapid development of smart homes, home appliance companies, security intercom manufacturers with their own superior products as the entry point, have joined the smart home industry, domestic and foreign brands are robbing this market.

In essence, smart homes serve people and serve the family. They are designed to improve people's comfort and improve their quality of life. From a technical point of view, the key is whether the development of related technologies can meet people's higher demand for modern family life. Smart home application requirements are:

Easy to use, easy for both the elderly and children;

Expand as you like, and if you want to add as needed, you can DIY yourself;

Product performance is stable and safe to use;

Installation is very simple, both new and old;

If smart home products are able to enter thousands of households like computers and mobile phones, and truly benefit everyone's life, they must meet the above basic requirements. To achieve the above goals, the technology used in its products is the key, then let us first look at the mainstream technology in the smart home field.

Smart home mainstream technology

Due to its diversity and individuality, the smart home field has also led to numerous technical routes and standards, and there is no unified technical standard system. From the perspective of technical application, there are three main types of mainstream technologies:

Bus technology

The main feature of bus technology is that all devices communication and control are based on a total online, is a fully distributed intelligent control network technology, its product modules have two-way communication capabilities, and interoperability and interchangeability, its control components can be Programming. More influential bus technologies on the market include LonWorks, KNX, EIB, CAN, BACNet, and others. Bus technology products are more suitable for large-area control such as building intelligence and community intelligence. The advantages are mature technology, stable system, high reliability, and wide application. However, the general installation is more complicated and the cost is higher. The construction period is long, and it is only applicable to users who need to re-wire the newly renovated or retrofit old houses, and need professional maintenance for later.

Wireless Communication Technology

There are many wireless communication technologies, and the wireless communication technologies that have been successfully applied in the smart home field mainly include: radio frequency (RF) technology (mostly 315 and 433 MHz), IrDA infrared technology, HomeRF protocol, Zigbee standard, Z-Wave standard, Z-world standard, X2D technology, etc. The main advantage of the wireless technology solution is that it requires no wiring, is easy to install and flexible, and can be expanded or modified at any time according to requirements. The biggest disadvantage of wireless communication is that the signal is easily interfered, resulting in system instability and directly affecting the user experience.

Power line carrier communication technology

The power line carrier communication technology makes full use of the existing power grid, and the modem is used at both ends. The 50 Hz alternating current is used as the carrier, and the pulse of several hundred KHz is used as the modulation signal to transmit and control the signal. The power carrier technology has obvious advantages, low cost, ready-made power line, dual-line, low price, convenient extension, no need to re-erect the network, as long as there is power line, data transmission can be carried out, that is, the existing power network is fully utilized. It is possible to simply implement the transformation of the home intelligence, as long as the environment of the power supply network can be used.

Power line carrier communication technology has advantages in terms of technology and cost:

. Health and environmental protection: Nowadays, there are enough radio frequency pollutions in our technology to damage our body. The power carrier transmits signals through the actual power line, so it will not produce any harmful radio frequency interference;

. Installation and commissioning is simple: no additional wiring is required, and it can easily realize the intelligent transformation of the home by making full use of the existing power grid. Users can realize intelligent control by simply changing the switch, which provides enjoyment for the residents who have renovated the house. The possibility of home;

. Signal stability: There is no so-called interference through the wall. In any place, the zero-fire line of the power line is open, and the signal can be transmitted as long as it is connected.

2. Power carrier technology in smart home applications

Power carriers have been used in foreign smart homes for decades. When smart homes enter China, power carriers are also the first to be introduced. However, traditional power line carriers also have many weaknesses, such as large channel interference and small amount of information. , frequency crowding, etc., while the traditional narrowband modulation technology has a low transmission rate (0.883s is required to transmit one instruction). This has limited the application of power carrier technology in the smart home industry for a long time in the past. With the continuous development of power carrier technology, domestic carrier chip manufacturers have developed a carrier communication system using OFDM modulation technology, the peak communication rate can reach 400kbps, and the stable operation communication rate has reached 100kbps, which is sufficient for the current smart home application rate. The demand also shows us the broad prospects of power carrier application in the smart home field.

For example, a power carrier intelligent product developed by a smart home company using BPSK modulation can fully meet the needs of intelligent home control, and can detect the power consumption of the device in real time, providing an effective tool for users to understand the power consumption and improve the power efficiency. . In addition, the product can also seamlessly interface with other products of the brand to achieve rich intelligent function applications. By encrypting the communication data, the reliability and security of the communication can be ensured.

Electricity metering, helping energy saving and environmental protection

Low carbon, energy saving and sustainable development are the lifestyles that the country has been advocating in recent years. The concept of energy conservation and environmental protection has also been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. For home users to achieve better energy savings, obviously, what can be done is much more than replacing incandescent bulbs with energy-saving bulbs. Knowing ourselves and knowing each other, if you want to save energy, you must first know the energy consumption of household energy equipment. Power carrier products have a natural advantage in energy consumption data collection of energy-using equipment. The power metering module in this series of products can be used for each or Each group of household electrical equipment for real-time detection and statistics, you can understand the actual situation of household electricity, and then analyze according to these data, and then develop a set of their own energy-saving programs. By installing the REM metering module between the power carrier module and the load, the power consumption data of the road load can be obtained in real time.

For the statistics of electrical energy consumption, it can be divided into time periods. For example, according to the peak time and valley time of the electricity fee, different household appliances can be used to measure each type of equipment or each type of electrical equipment, such as lighting electricity, air conditioning. Electricity, etc. After collecting accurate and real-time data about power consumption and various equipment conditions, it can be displayed on the intelligent interactive terminal; the original data can be converted into familiar information by some calculation formulas, such as how much power is consumed, how much is required to be paid Electricity bill; it can also be displayed in chart form. It also analyzes and mines data through intelligent software, and automatically optimizes and matches various household electrical appliances to help people better manage, save, monitor and optimize the use of household energy. To create a green life for the family, while reducing the environmental burden, it can also fully enhance the comfort of family life.

If the system is applied to a hotel room, statistics can be made on the electricity consumption of each guest during their stay, and low-carbon environmental protection can be promoted by providing energy-saving incentives. If the system is applied to a commercial building, the power metering module is installed at the required location for energy consumption statistics, and then the equipment user and lighting power are optimized and managed according to the data analysis.

3, plug and play, smart home at your fingertips

From the concept of smart home, smart home seems to have been researching and trying to cater to the needs of high-end people, high-end positioning, the price of nobility, tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, even hundreds of thousands of systems, must also re-home Wiring, which makes ordinary people feel that the feeling of smart home is far away.

The biggest feature of power carrier smart home products in the home is that no additional wiring is required, just add a power carrier module behind the ordinary switch panel, or replace the original common switch with a power carrier switch with a control panel. By controlling the mobile terminal loaded with the supporting application software, it is easy to experience the convenience brought by the intelligent control.

1. Any customer who is interested in smart homes or who wants to try it out first can try several products first. After the actual experience, consider expanding the system;

2, the simplest system composition, without the need of expensive prices, can make convenient life at your fingertips, smart home experience is no longer just aristocratic enjoyment;

3. For the elderly or disabled people with limited mobility, this makes convenience more real. Smart home is no longer just a concept, but a person who can really benefit those in need.

Expand as you like, and integrate with other systems

The function of the power carrier smart home system can be implemented simply. For example, the user can directly perform various operations on the home device, such as remotely switching the curtains, and remotely cutting off the power of the television. It can also be complicated, such as the user can set the scene (batch execution control instructions in batches). ), timing start, conditional execution, etc., the system can be easily extended at any time, and can also be interoperable with other smart home systems, as shown in Figure 3, to meet the changing and growing needs of users.

Conclusion

Smart homes are gradually coming out of the original "ideal is full, realistic and very skinny" situation, will enter the ordinary people, convenient people's lives, improve people's quality of life. From the perspective of technological innovation, although smart home system technology is innovating and emerging, each technology has its own advantages and characteristics, and it has its most suitable application environment. It may not be able to completely replace anyone in a short period of time. Different technologies have different adaptability in various occasions. According to the content and environment needs, choose the most suitable technology, can provide practical help for users, and achieve the desired effect is the most important.

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