1. The future of wireless TV is confusing
In the United States, the FCC is adopting or planning to recover part of the frequency spectrum of some wireless spectrum use agencies through various methods, and terrestrial wireless TV stations are also listed here (there are mainly 800 MHz, 700 MHz, and 600 MHz bands that are reclaimed), TV broadcast operators. As a result, there is a great deal of pressure on the loss of quality spectrum.
The U.S. government and Congress believe that people’s demand for mobile broadband access and mobile smart terminals is increasing day by day. Mobile broadband communications networks need to expand network capacity to meet people’s needs. An important way to increase network capacity is to seek new and increased numbers of new ones. Wireless spectrum.
At present, the scientific management of wireless spectrum becomes more and more important, and one of the metrics is the “use efficiency of wireless spectrumâ€. The U.S. government believes that the spectrum efficiency of wireless TV broadcasting is low, after all the digital conversion is completed, The large number of "released" spectrums should be re-assigned to mobile communication network operators.
At the same time, at the same time, the American radio and television companies are facing the problem of drastic changes in the business model. In the last century, most American TV viewers watched TV through free public TV stations. Commercial advertising was the main source of income for these broadcasters. Today, of the 115 million U.S. households that watch television, 100 million are no longer watching terrestrial wireless TV. Instead, they subscribe to MVPDs for TV services, leaving the remaining 15 million low-income families or families in remote areas. Continue to watch free terrestrial TV. In this way, the revenue from advertising on the ground-based wireless TV is reduced, and the license fee for the program is charged to each MVPD.
Against this background, most of the nation’s national broadcast and television companies are actively taking preventive measures. Under the leadership of NAB, they are committed to the protection of wireless spectrum and at the same time using OTTTV to transmit via the Internet and mobile broadband networks. Program coverage.
U.S. TV broadcasters also protect their spectrum from loss through the launch of mobile TV services (based on TV broadcast technology), but some industry executives are not optimistic about this. They believe that with the use of smart phones as the representative of all types of mobile smart terminals The "explosive" popularity of the United States, consumers in the United States have already owned streaming media mobile TV - people can watch TV programs of their interest anywhere, anytime through mobile communication operators' 3G, 4G networks or operator-deployed Wi-Fi hotspots. , and will not pay for the broadcast TV of radio and television.
2. The cable television network is expected to achieve the second wave of leapfrog development
The United States’ cable television network is also undergoing major changes. After completing the overall conversion from analog television to digital television and all-digital television, the US cable television network is gradually evolving towards the all-IP architecture. Compared with traditional cable broadcast TV, all-IP cable TVs have lower construction and maintenance costs, and they can also add terminal types to provide TV services to mobile smart portable terminals other than TVs in home environments. All-IP cable TV can also use cloud computing, cloud storage, etc. to provide TV services outside the home, and greatly improve the user interface.
At present, one of the major pressures faced by US cable network operators comes from the "channel package" business model that has been implemented together with TV broadcasters for many years. The television broadcasters demand that cable TV network operators transmit their popularity. At the same time as the channel, it also packs and transmits its unpopular channels. In this way, if consumers want to subscribe to their favorite TV channels, they must subscribe to the relevant channel package, which contains a lot of TV channels they are not interested in.
In the past, people had no choice but to swallow it. Nowadays, OTT video is highly developed. People can choose to abandon their subscriptions to cable TV channel packages and subscribe to their favorite OTT pay TVs. The business model of cable channel “channel packages†has experienced unprecedented impact. On the other hand, the U.S. government’s legislature and communications regulators have also noticed dissatisfaction among consumers and have come to the side of consumers. Cable TV operators have also sued the courts for TV broadcasters’ wholesale sales of channel packages. many. Top executives in the U.S. television industry believe that under the pressure of internal and external pressures, this business model will eventually disintegrate, and those small, unpopular TV channels will no longer be transmitted by cable networks, and may become a YouTube channel.
Another major pressure faced by US cable network operators comes from OTT video. More and more people have started to abandon their subscriptions to cable television, and watching TV news and entertainment programs from the Internet has led to a continuous reduction in the profit earned by cable TV operators from TV services. Even in the past year or two, the U.S. Senate or the House of Representatives held several hearings on the "Amendment to the 1996 Telecommunications Act, recognizing the equal competitive position of OTT video operators with cable TV, IPTV, and satellite TV", and in 2013 the new US FCC After the chairman took office, the relevant discussion was even more intense. The cable television network is also preparing to spread its programming through the Internet. It can be foreseen that in the next few years, the basic video services provided by cable television networks will suffer even greater impacts, so efforts are being made to try to reform the revenue model.
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