In a hearing and speech rehabilitation center, the doctor examines the ears for hearing-impaired children.
The Spring Festival is coming, some parents worry that with the baby on the plane or the train, the louder noise will not damage the baby's hearing. Moreover, is it not appropriate to bring children with high-decibel indoor activities held during the festival?
Conductive deafness can be restored
Pang Chong, deputy director of the Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, said that children's hearing loss is generally divided into two types. One is sensorineural deafness, which is the damage of the auditory nerve, the cochlea is damaged, and it is not easy to recover. The species is conductive deafness, which is the part of the middle ear, such as the tympanic membrane, the small bones and other path conduction problems.
When the plane rises and falls, there will be a pressure change, which may have a certain impact on the middle ear. Individuals will cause secretory otitis media, temporary conductive deafness, temporary symptoms such as ear blockage and nausea. It is recoverable and you don't have to worry about it.
During the process of aircraft lifting, swallowing saliva or chewing gum can open the eustachian tube in the middle of the nose and ears, thus alleviating this temporary hearing loss.
Zhang Jie, deputy director and chief physician of the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, said that the conductive hearing loss is relatively reversible. It can help to recover through various treatments such as medical treatment and surgical treatment. However, the sensorineural deafness The chances of improving hearing or restoring hearing through medication are very small.
"0-7 years old is the key period for children's language development. The hearing loss during this period will not only cause speech growth retardation or hoarseness, but also affect children's intellectual development, causing problems in emotional, psychological and social interactions," said Zhang Jie. To protect your child's hearing, you should start at 0 years old. The key to the prevention and treatment of hearing problems is "early".
At present, newborn hearing screening has been carried out in many places in China. Zhang Jie said that all newborn babies in Beijing will have a newborn hearing test. If the screening fails, the maternity hospital will advise parents to do a rescreening in the 42 days of the newborn. If there are still problems, If you have a rescreening after 3 months, if you still have problems, you will be referred to the six hearing impairment treatment facilities designated by Beijing, where you will have a detailed diagnostic hearing test. After the examination, you will find that there is A considerable patient's hearing is good, and a small number of patients are really hearing bad. If there is a problem with hearing, it is necessary to treat it.
Hearing screening is just one of the means
Beijing has determined that six hospitals are responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of hearing impairment in children aged 0 to 6 years, namely the People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Children's Hospital and China Children's Rehabilitation Research Center.
According to statistics, in the past ten years, the six hospitals have received more than 10,000 people who have not passed the referral screening.
However, in the clinical, Zhang Jie found that many parents mistakenly believe that the so-called early prevention is to do newborn hearing screening, as long as the screening has passed the check, you can sit back and worry, do not care. But in fact, newborn hearing screening is only a physical examination method, it can detect whether the child has the possibility of hearing abnormalities at the time, but can not give a hint of whether the child is a high-risk group of deafness. Moreover, in addition to genetic factors, infection, drug poisoning, environmental noise pollution, accidents, etc. may cause hearing impairment in children.
Zhang Jie suggested that in addition to giving newborns a newborn hearing screening, neonatal deafness genetic testing is also an important part of hearing care. If the test results are abnormal, they should come to the hospital for targeted intervention. In addition, parents should also take their children to the hospital regularly for health care, and closely observe their hearing and language changes in their daily lives. Generally speaking, a baby of 3 months old will respond to strong voices. Before the age of half, he can distinguish his mother's voice. When he is half a year old, he can actively turn his face to the sound source. There will be speech awareness no later than 1 year old. Parents should pay attention to this. When you are testing your child's hearing at home, you must avoid other feelings other than hearing (such as sight, touch, etc.). If you suspect abnormality, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible to do auditory function tests, and strive for early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.
â– Q&A
1. How to observe your baby's hearing?
Zhang Jie, deputy director and chief physician of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital: In daily life, children put their parents' words on the sidelines, some are not individual problems, but because children can't hear them. For example, some children always ask for a louder voice when watching TV, but others will feel that the sound is too big, which means that the child's hearing is problematic. Parents can also pay attention to some small details, such as calling the child behind the scenes, not responding, or when there is an abnormal sound, everyone responds, but the child does not move, and so on.
If there is any of the above, parents should take the child to the hospital in time, and then do a hearing test.
2. What are the factors and treatments that may cause neurological deafness?
Pang Chong, deputy director of the Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics: Inductive neurological deafness, commonly used ototoxic drugs, such as gentamicin, streptomycin; acute hypoxia and some viral infections For example, mumps virus can erode the auditory nerve and cause hearing loss.
Zhang Jie: Cochlear implant is an effective method for hearing reconstruction in children with severe and severe hearing loss. The sooner the implant is, the better the speech rehabilitation for children. Since August 2012, Beijing Children's Hospital has established a cochlear implant treatment team including systematic audiology, otology experts, and pediatric medicine, neurology, anesthesiology, imaging and nursing related personnel, which has been done for more than 110 children. After the implantation surgery, one in four children can speak words, and some children can even read poems and recite songs.
3. Many parents like to take their children to the mall, and the mall often holds events. The sound is loud. Does this cause damage to the baby's hearing?
Pang Chong: If it is long-term, excessive noise stimulation, it will cause the decline of the auditory nerve, but if it is not excessive noise or repeated long-term stimulation, occasional noise, the probability of hearing nerve damage is not particularly large, this situation may bring Comes with some minor damage, but does not cause permanent hearing loss.
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