The equipment produced by Ai Siqiang and Veeco is indispensable in the manufacturing process of epitaxial chips. Therefore, the two suppliers from Germany and the United States have long held more than 90% of the MOCVD industry.
In addition, due to the high subsidies for MOCVD equipment procurement initiated by local governments in 2009, the real beneficiaries of the subsidy policy are not only domestic LED companies, but also promote the surge in the income of Ai Siqiang and Weiyike.
In the past two years, Chinese companies have also made breakthroughs in the field of MOCVD equipment manufacturing. Although it may not be able to enjoy the subsidies of the local government's “extraordinary enthusiasmâ€, if the monopoly pattern of “foreign monks†is broken, the LED industry is still in the developing stage, and domestic enterprises will also share the “dividends†of the industry.
"foreign monk" monopoly
MOCVD is a kind of “metal organic compound chemical vapor deposition†technology. The technical equipment is quoted at 15 million yuan/set, accounting for 40%~50% of the production cost of LED epitaxial chips.
Before 2009, the MOCVD industry was not a large-scale industry. It was used in blue light, high-power material cutting, fiber-optic communication, and medical.
A person in charge of Zhonghao Optoelectronic Equipment (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Zhongyi Optoelectronicsâ€) said: “Before 2009, the LED industry and MOCVD market were very small, only provided by Ai Siqiang and Veeco, a Japanese company. MOCVD equipment. After 2009, due to the application of backlights, the LED industry has achieved the development of blowout, which provides opportunities for the development of these two companies. In addition, some new MOCVD providers can not provide equipment to meet customer needs. And technology (such as Applied Materials in the United States), some failed to provide equipment to catch up with the market window in a timely manner, leading to the situation of Ai Siqiang and Weiyike "overlord."
As of 2012, Veeco accounted for 62% of the industry's market share, and Ai Siqiang's market share fell to 28%, retreating to second place.
The growth in global LED demand has prompted an increase in orders from these two overseas companies. In 2010 and 2011, buyers from China made large purchases, which made Ai Siqiang and Wei Yike “county to count the moneyâ€. Behind this is the generous subsidy of the local government in China.
Guangda Optoelectronics Technology (Jiaxing) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Guangda Hi-Tech") founder and CTO Liang Bingwen, using pictures in their handheld computers to illustrate how "crazy" the market is: in 2006, global MOCVD equipment shipments The number is less than 100, and in 2007 it was more than 100. By 2010, the number reached more than 800, an increase of 277% compared with 2009. “But the normal market demand is about 300 to 500 units.â€
There are also data showing that 60% of the 800 MOCVD equipment shipments in 2010 (about 480 units) came from China's demand. In 2011, the number of MOCVDs in China increased to approximately 483 units, and in 2012 it dropped to more than 200 units.
“I estimate that in 2010 and 2011, the subsidies from local Chinese governments for MOCVD equipment will be several billion yuan.†Liang Bingwen said.
In 2009, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province took the lead in introducing policies to implement different subsidy standards for 8 million yuan and 10 million yuan for different MOCVD equipment. Subsequently, Xiamen, Foshan and Wuhu have also followed suit. Domestic companies such as Sanan Optoelectronics, Derun Haoda, and Guoxing Optoelectronics have purchased MOCVD equipment under the policy “incentivesâ€. For example, the purchase volume of Sanan Optoelectronics and Derun Haoda is as high as hundreds of units.
At that time, European and American companies also accidentally "lied and counted money." Ai Siqiang's revenue in 2008 and 2009 was 274.4 million euros and 302.9 million euros, but the revenues in 2010 and 2011 reached 780 million euros and 610 million euros respectively. Its EBIT (earnings before interest and taxes) surged to 275 million euros in 2010 and only 62.7 million euros in 2009.
Similarly, Veeco's 2010 record reached a record high of $933 million and a profit of $261 million. Among them, the company's revenue in the fourth quarter of the year was $300 million, a significant increase from 2009's $119 million.
Chinese companies "rushed"
Although the existing subsidies of local governments in China have slowed down, the development of LEDs is still unstoppable, and there are still good prospects for the development and production of MOCVD equipment. At present, several companies including Zhonghao Optoelectronics, Guangda Hi-Tech, Guangdong Zhaoxin and Shanghai Ideal Energy are actively involved.
Liang Bingwen said that in January 2013, GL Tech has passed the verification of the process capability of MOCVD equipment and reached a long-term supply intention with domestic and foreign companies. The person in charge of Zhonghao Optoelectronics also revealed that in March of this year, Zhonghao Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. has listed the first MOCVD equipment independently researched and developed, and also has customers.
However, the person in charge of Zhonghao Optoelectronics told this reporter: "MOCVD is the core high-end equipment in the LED industry chain. It involves not only more than 50 disciplines and many high-end technologies, but also the difficulty of LED epitaxial process, epitaxial film quality, film. The strict requirements of thickness and wavelength uniformity and repeatability pose great challenges for the development of MOCVD equipment. The investment in research and development of MOCVD equipment is huge, and if the company does not have long-term and continuous investment, it is difficult to have immediate economic benefits in the short term. â€
"In terms of the market, the two overseas companies are now cutting prices sharply and dumping at a loss, which will seriously dampen domestic competitors." Zhonghao Optoelectronics said that Ai Siqiang and Veeco have obtained huge policies in the past three years. Profit advantage, so the current price cuts are as high as 40% to 50%.
Liang Bingwen believes that another reason for the low-cost processing of equipment by two overseas companies is that although some domestic large companies have ordered MOCVD orders a few years ago, they have not really purchased them, resulting in a large inventory of overseas equipment vendors. Inventory products.
SEMI China senior analyst and LED project manager Qi Faxin also said that several newly-entered enterprises in China have already withdrawn due to unsatisfactory start-up and market competition. Ma Chengbo, secretary general of the Xiamen Optoelectronics Industry Association, also told reporters that foreign MOCVD manufacturers have long been in a monopoly position, and their users may not easily switch to domestic products from the perspective of maintenance costs.
Liang Bingwen said: "It is still unclear whether domestic government subsidies will also favor localized companies. If there is a moderate subsidy policy for MOCVD localization, then domestic companies are also expected to gain a part of the MOCVD market share as soon as possible."
Some domestic companies are also trying to find a “blue ocean†strategy in the industry. For example, Guangda Hi-Tech will provide a complete set of technical solutions, which will greatly reduce the customer's dependence on engineers and make it easy for technicians to get started. “In addition to the supply of equipment, the rest of the services such as engineers and after-sales services are very expensive.†The strategy of Zhonghao Optoelectronics is to develop different sets of equipment for customers to choose; and it is called epitaxial chips. The production cost is also the “lowest in the worldâ€, which can greatly reduce the consumption of gas and water and electricity. In 2013, Zhonghao Optoelectronics plans to achieve sales of 80 million yuan, and put into production of new plants in November this year, when it is expected to have a production capacity of 400 million to 500 million yuan.
(This article is reproduced on the Internet. The texts and opinions expressed in this article have not been confirmed by this site, nor do they represent the position of Gaogong LED. Readers need to verify the relevant content by themselves.)
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