Designed remote door switch (RKE) system

The Remote Keyless Door Switch (RKE) system allows the user to use the transmitter on the key fob to lock the car door or unlock it, which transmits data to the receiver in the car.

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Design remote control door switch (RKE) system icon

Figure 1: Block diagram of the remote door switch (RKE) system.

As can be seen from the RKE block diagram, the user presses the button switch on the key fob to trigger the system to work. This will wake up the CPU inside the RKE key fob, and the CPU will send the data stream to the radio frequency (RF) transmitter. The data stream is typically 64 to 128 bits long and includes a preamble, a command code, and a rolling code. The data stream is typically transmitted at a rate of 2 kHz to 20 kHz. The modulation method is amplitude keying (ASK), the main purpose is to extend the battery life of the key fob.

The RKE RF receiver in the vehicle captures the RF signal and demodulates it, then transmits the data stream to the CPU, which then decodes the data and sends the command to the command module.

The challenge of remote door switch (RKE) system design

The challenge of remote door switch (RKE) system design is to achieve a low cost system with stability and reliability at low current consumption. Therefore, the life of the battery is important to the transmitter and receiver.

Power consumption considerations

For transmitters, the battery requires a life of 3-5 years. Battery life is equally important to the receiver because the receiver must remain active at all times to monitor the transmission of user data. Typical metrics require an average current of no more than 1 mA. One way the system designer solves this problem is to keep the receiver active for an important period of time, ensuring that the time is long enough to determine if there is a legitimate transmission. The receiver then sleeps for the rest of the time. The receiver must have the ability to wake up quickly to maximize the use of stored energy.

Performance: distance and reliability

Remote door switch (RKE) applications require good transmission and reception distances and reliable transmission. Increasing the sensitivity of the receiver and the power of the transmitter (the current consumption is not significantly increased) directly affects the transmission and reception distance and reliability. Obviously, low cost is a requirement because millions of such systems need to be installed.

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