How to understand the motor positive and negative circuit diagram

The motor is reversing, it seems to be just a simple circuit diagram, but it contains a lot of common knowledge of electricians. Therefore, this picture is often used as an introductory teaching for electricians, or it is an enlightenment material for many electricians. Today, I will share it with an electrician friend who is interested in the electrician or just entered the line.

This picture is also used directly, such as cranes, hoists, lathes, elevators, etc. Machines that need to do round-trip movements almost always need to use positive and negative. Technology has developed to the present day, many machines have realized automation, such as CNC lathes, etc., all use plc control, but need to know, PLC in the programming process, the programmer must be clear about its mechanical control principle, in order to pass the control circuit during programming To achieve control functions. We have the opportunity to share the PLC control program that controls the motor's forward and reverse rotation, but it is absolutely necessary to learn the mechanical principle before learning the PLC.

In the motor forward and reverse control schematic diagram, the knowledge points involved are:

1. Reasons for changing the direction of rotation of the motor;

2. Circuit protection device;

3. The principle of the components of the buttons and contactors;

4. Self-locking and interlocking;

5. The use of mechanical interlocking.

Normally open contact: Disconnect when no coil or coil is not energized, close when pressed or coil energized; normally closed contact: Close when not pressed or coil is not energized. Press when coil or coil is energized; first question Look at the drawing; the second problem, KM1, KM2 can only have one job by interlocking the auxiliary contacts. The third problem looks at the difference between normally open and normally closed contacts; SB2 and SB3 use a normally open and a normally closed, respectively.

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