Second, rational enthusiasts should minimize exclusivity. Each enthusiast will inevitably have their own listening habits and preferences because they are in their own audio space for a long time. Based on these habits and preferences, they will judge the sound space and listening of others. Habits, preferences, it is easy to make negative judgments on others. Therefore, when you hear different sound performances, don't make any exclusive comments first, but try to find out the strengths of others' sound effects.
Third, the sound effect of the sound space should be based on live music as the standard audio space sound effect standard is not unique, but multiple. The standard of sound effects is based on the performance of live music. The sound effects of live music are not unique, but multiple. As far as classical music is concerned, there are many outstanding concert halls in the world, each with different sound characteristics. Some are warm, some are full, some are clear and transparent, some are rich in low frequency, some have a good sense of sound, and the sound characteristics of these concert halls have their own strengths.
Affected by the unknown sound recording site sound characteristics, sound recording equipment sound characteristics, replay equipment sound characteristics and sound space sound characteristics, enthusiasts can only be based on the performance of live music, and is a multi-standard.
Fourth, the soft-tuning space is better than the hard-adjusted space. The floor, the ceiling, and the wall with the splint, gypsum board or wooden board are soft-tuned space, and the space of reinforced concrete or brick is called hard-adjusted space. At present, most of the living environment in China is a hard-adjusted space.
Because the hard-adjusted space can't properly absorb the extra high-pitched and mid-bass, it causes the treble of listening to music to be too harsh or the bass is too dull. Although the soft-tuning space may also have the disadvantage that the bass is excessively absorbed and the bass is not solid enough, it has been proved that the soft-tuning space is still suitable for listening to music.
Fifth, try to transform the hard-adjusted space into a soft-tuned space. If you want to turn the hard-adjusted space into a soft-tuned space, you can first transform the four-sided walls. For example, a plasterboard is used to form a sandwich, and a fiberglass is placed in the interlayer. This will not reduce the amount of interlayer space, but also improve the sound insulation. The reason for using gypsum board or splint is that thin splint or wooden core board is easy to absorb midrange, and gypsum board is heavier, absorbs more bass, and has less negative impact on listening music. In addition, the gypsum board is a fireproof material and is used for sandwiching.
The ceiling, floor and walls are different. Usually, the floor of a general household is tiled or solid wood flooring, and a thick wool carpet can be placed on such a floor, and the size is preferably close to the area of ​​the speaker to the listening position. The role of the carpet is to absorb sound waves that are reflected from the speakers to the floor and then from the ceiling to the floor. It is only effective for sounds above the mid-range, and does not have much absorption for the bass and bass.
The most convenient way to retrofit the ceiling is to use a light steel frame with a mineral fiber board. The main moderate amount of absorption of the middle and high notes has little effect on the sound below the intermediate frequency. If you think that the mineral fiber board is not beautiful enough, you can also use a thin splint, but you should pay attention to avoid the concave shape, and should be processed into a convex or curved shape. In addition, the ceiling should be divided into several zones, and the shape should be designed in such a way that each zone is not connected to each other.
Sixth, the space should be surface treated. After the acoustic space is changed from hard to soft, then the surface treatment should be carried out according to the method of "pre-hard, medium-suction, and post-diffusion". The so-called "pre-hard" refers to the front section of the room (between the back wall of the speaker and the speaker). Do not add absorbing materials as much as possible. Otherwise, the output power of the amplifier must be increased to make the sound solid. If the power output of the power amplifier is not very large, the speaker is not very large. It is recommended not to nail the plasterboard on the back wall. The so-called "middle suction" is the sound-absorbing surface treatment of the two walls between the speaker and the listening position. The purpose is to weaken the first reflection, improve the positioning and clarity, and avoid the sound is too bright and too harsh. There are many ways to "suck", and the cheapest and effective material is fiberglass. For example, a glass wool having a thickness of 5 cm and a weight of 20 kg per cubic meter is used, and it has a sound absorption rate of up to 85% for frequencies above 500 Hz. The fiberglass cotton can be wrapped (not exposed) to form the shape of the image frame, which is the first reflection sound absorber of the two sides of the wall.
The so-called "post-diffusion" is to spread the area from the listening position to the back wall. The correct way is to put two diffusing plates in the two corners of the back wall and a diffusing plate in the center of the back wall to achieve true diffusion. After the sound waves are evenly spread, the sound waves heard everywhere in the listening area are average, and the listening position is not limited to the "emperor position"; and the sound quality, the timbre, the layering, the depth and the like can be significantly improved.
It should be noted:
First, it is not only the quadratic residue diffuser that has the effect of diffusing sound waves. Any bevel, convex or arc will have the effect of diffusing sound waves. Only the second remainder spreads a wider range of frequencies. Therefore, in the acoustic space, various shapes can be matched to achieve the requirement of diffusing sound waves;
Second, if the sound is still too sharp after processing, then the area behind the listening position needs to be sound absorbing.
Seventh, reflection, absorption and diffusion use the delicate blending of reflection, absorption and diffusion sound waves, the purpose is to get warm, full, soft, rich, clear and transparent sound.
Eight, the second residual diffuser is very easy to use diffusion is that the sound waves emitted by the speaker will be evenly reflected in all directions regardless of the direction from which it is injected. Typical sonic reflections are usually directional. Theoretically, as long as the length of the reflecting surface is greater than the wavelength of the acoustic wave, all sound waves whose wavelength is shorter than the reflecting surface will be reflected in a certain direction. What the acoustic space needs is diffusion, not directional reflection. Because the diffusion will make the sound waves in the room more uniform, and the directional reflection will only affect a certain part.
The quadratic residue diffuser has a special diffusion characteristic: if the center frequency is used as a reference, its diffusion low limit can extend down to about half the frequency below the center frequency (if the center frequency is 1000 Hz and the half frequency is 750 Hz) The upper limit can be N-1 times the center frequency. Assuming that the center frequency is 1000 Hz and the step of the quadratic residue diffuser is 7, the upper limit of the diffusion range is about 6000 Hz.
Nine, the large space is larger than the small space. The sound volume emitted by the speaker is less affected by the distortion of the boundary (six-sided wall), and the sound obtained is relatively correct. In a large space, if properly deployed, the resulting sound will be easier, more uniform and correct, and the low frequency dive deeper. As for the standing wave, although the large space cannot be completely avoided, the degree of harm is relatively low.
Ten, the home is more indoors, the objects will absorb and reflect the sound waves, and naturally adjust the reverberation. The heavier the weight, the more it absorbs the mid-low frequency or the low-frequency, sometimes reducing the effect of the mid-low frequency standing wave. The multi-fiber, porous soft surface has a strong absorption of high frequency, such as the surface of the flannel sofa, the carpet flannel and so on. It is worth noting that it is best not to use glass doors for all kinds of furniture in the sound space.
XI. The proportion of sound space is very important. The proportion of sound space often has the "golden ratio". The word "gold" here is only rare and rare, and has nothing to do with the real "golden division". If the proportion of the acoustic space is correct and appropriate, the standing wave intensity in the acoustic space can be minimized, and the interference of the medium and low frequency standing waves to the listening music can be reduced. Simply put, as long as the values ​​of length, width and height are not multiples of each other. Practice and theoretical analysis show that the following three groups: (A) 1.00: 1.14: 1.39, (B) 1.00: 1.28: 1.54, (C) 1.00: 1.60: 2.33 (1.00 represents the height of the room, the rest are width and length respectively) The standing wave strength is the lowest, which can be selected according to the room condition.
Twelve, the standing wave should only take the standing wave is the resonance phenomenon of space. As long as the distance between two opposing parallel wall faces is equal to the integral multiple of half wavelength, resonance will occur and a standing wave will be generated. If the standing waves generated by the three parallel walls in the space overlap in frequency, a stronger standing wave will be formed. Standing waves are not just a single frequency, they have a wide frequency range, and people cannot accurately "offset" it with some measure. At the same time, the energy of the standing wave is very strong, usually much higher than the sound pressure of normal music, so it can't be dealt with with the "fine tuning" voice tuning technique. The best way to deal with the standing wave is to avoid it by using the speaker position and changing the listening position. Home Theater Network
13. Considering the reverberation time Reverberation is the response that remains in space after the sound is emitted. When the sound source makes a sound, the sound intensity drops to the initial -60dB intensity, called the reverberation time. Reverberation time has a great impact on sound quality. Whether the sound is warm or not, full or not, clear or not. In modern concert hall design, the reverberation time is usually about 2 seconds, while the opera house's reverberation time is shorter, about 1.5 seconds.
In the acoustic space, proper reverberation time is very important. The reverberation time of a typical home audio space varies depending on the size of the space, and can usually be set between 0.2 and 0.5 seconds. The longer the reverberation time, the more gorgeous the sound; the shorter the reverberation time, the more solid the sound. The reverberation time is difficult to calculate accurately, and it is generally only possible to adjust the various reflection, absorption and diffusion effects in the room by the ear. The following principles can be used for readers' reference: if speaking in the sound space is a little hard, it means too much sound absorption; the sound is slightly dry, indicating that the reverberation time is short; it sounds like a nasal sound, indicating that the middle frequency band has sound and dye; if the clapping sound is rich, Indicates that the reverberation time is too long.
14. Sound insulation is very important Most audiophiles will close the doors and windows when listening to music, so as not to affect others. After noise reduction through sound insulation, the relative dynamic range will increase. The easiest way to soundproof the apartment is to replace it with a double-glazed window or with a gas-tight window. Not much cost, but the effect is very good, it is a very cost-effective approach. However, the sound is transmitted to the outside through the door, wall, floor and ceiling, especially the bass is more difficult to block. This can be solved by adding a layer of gypsum board to the sound space, and the air layer between the gypsum board and the cement wall will block the transmission of sound waves. One of the principles to be mastered is that the structure of the air layer in the double-layer middle clamp is more effective than the sound insulation of the single-layer structure. However, there should not be too many angles between the two layers, otherwise the vibration of the sound waves will pass from one side to the other through the angle.
Fifteen, equipment matching should be appropriate for each sound space will have its own sound characteristics. These sound features also need to match the appropriate speakers in order to play the role of safflower green leaves. The better the sound space is arranged, the wider the range of matching. Conversely, if the sound space is not ideally arranged, only a few devices can be found to accommodate such a biased space. The size of the space is different, and the speakers are different. It is futile to use a large speaker in a small space or a small speaker in a large space. It depends on a wealth of experience to achieve the perfect result.
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