Since the development of blockchain technology, the current bottom-level technology has made breakthroughs, and it is also looking for more application scenarios that can be landed. At present, the most eye-catching is the development of the Internet of Things. As a mature application in the Internet of Things and big data, drones have a wide range of integration scenarios with blockchains.
What is blockchain technology?
In a nutshell, blockchain is a way of recording transaction information. Instead of storing all transaction records at a central point, the blockchain utilizes a decentralized distributed ledgering technique. For a particular activity, all nodes in this decentralized network maintain all transactions in all classified accounts. Compared to centralized record keeping, blockchain has many advantages: it does not affect the global because of a node, and ensures that the data is absolutely transparent.
The decentralized nature of blockchain technology also poses a series of application challenges. The root of the blockchain is a huge network of nodes that are not centralized, and the latter requires the participation of every member of the system to operate. A system like the commercial drone industry with a large number of participants and an independent central organization requires a lot of coordination and collaboration. There are many levels within the blockchain. From this point of view, there are many rules in the system that are built using different algorithms and/or integration schemes.
What impact does blockchain technology have on the drone industry?
As drone applications become more widespread, we will need to introduce a new participant's service delivery model. Virtualization and cloud storage infrastructure will be used to ensure the ability, flexibility, and scalability to deliver more diverse services quickly. Data access wireless networks will require application programming interface entry for users and other third parties for granular control and data service security. This algorithmic transformation enhances innovation, but it also presents complex security challenges. Blockchain technology is expected to create a system that can be used by various stakeholders in the commercial drone ecosystem.
Blockchain can help regulate and control the proper use of drones. The information and airspace activities of the drone and its operators are kept in a high-speed and secure node, and this information is also kept by all stakeholders.
In ancient times, in order to prevent two trains that were to be driven on the same rail from colliding, people used a metal seal: the train driver could only drive if he got the physical seal. In contrast, the UAV airspace has many dimensions, changes and complexity. But using blockchain technology combined with other technologies and software "seals" can help avoid drone collisions. In many ways, blockchains can be used to prevent airspace from collapsing to gather information and increase flight trajectories.
For example, the drone's GPS positioning system can receive location information from other drones, whether directly from other drones or through ground controllers. It can also receive security confirmations from its own hardware, software, and vendor.
Signal strength sensing is also important. In general, the RF signal strength from a particular UAV aircraft (especially the now common four-axle aircraft) obeys the inverse square law and does not differ over a large magnitude range. An unmanned aerial vehicle can accurately sense the position of another nearby drone and avoid colliding with it by evaluating the intensity of the radio. The drone can also acquire outside information through radar, chemical observation or other optical and sonic positioning capabilities. There are currently four different types of radar signals: active signals (transmitted by the drone's own transmitter or illuminator), passive signals (transmitted by the transmitter of another drone), and basic signals (from a specific location) Transmit) and multi-base station signals (radar signal transmitters and receivers are in different locations).
Coupling radio direction finding is another means of identifying the source direction of a drone, which can be achieved by antenna measurement and signal wave timing. UAVs can also use cognitive pattern recognition for signal analysis. At this time, the receiver will record multiple ground control stations in the local area to jointly guide the drone to the same destination.
Practical case of blockchain combined with drone
First, drone logistics tracking
Wal-Mart: Retail giant Wal-Mart patents systems that use blockchain technology to track drones. In a specific implementation, a blockchain transport encryption system for package tracking and authentication is provided on the transport box. Areas that may be involved in tracking packages using blockchain include location, supply chain conversion, certification of transport undertakers and consumers, and the ambient temperature of the container, the temperature of the product, the acceptable threshold for the product's ambient temperature, and the interior of the container. Items (products and goods) or a combination thereof. To query the contents of the package payload, authentication and access may be strictly connected to a specific blockchain key, and may include a specific time and location. Data access may be determined by the itinerary of the shipment and the purchase of the item.
SKYFchain: SKYFchain is an open blockchain platform for recording all critical information about freight machines and their interactions in the supply chain. Each transaction is recorded on the platform. Depending on the type, frequency and complexity of the transaction, each record has its own cost and is denominated in traditional currency. According to the requirements of the smart contract logic, all calculations in SKYFchain will be processed in SKYFT tokens.
As the number of participants and the number of transactions on the platform will continue to increase, and the number of tokens is fixed, the cost of SKYFT tokens will also increase. SKYFT tokens will be freely traded on cryptocurrency exchanges. In addition, SKYFT token holders will receive a share of the cost of each transaction made in the SKYFchain platform.
“SKYFchain enables all market participants to unite as if they were based on the same distribution system. This will eliminate many problems – from the approval of the robotic route, to the calculation of insurance costs and the end of payment transfers. This approach not only reduces transaction costs. Improve the transparency of logistics planning and calculations, and increase the speed and quality of freight. The logistics industry has changed to unmanned systems in a short time. SKYFchain is the only solution that can satisfy all market participants. With the help of SKYFchain, We will support the transition of the logistics industry to unmanned systems, which will significantly reduce transportation costs. All consumers will benefit, especially those in the least developed areas of logistics,†said SKYFchain CEO Alexander Timofeev.
Dorado: The goal of logistics service provider Dorado is to create a new ordering and distribution system, including food, groceries, pharmaceuticals and electronics. They seek to maximize automation to avoid the negative consequences of human error and provide the best service to users. To this end, they focused on drones and robots, and sought to establish the first distribution service system that was completely free of human intervention through the HyperLocal logistics platform supported by blockchain technology.
Second, the drone system traffic management platform
DEEP AERO: DEEP AERO from Ajman, UAE is developing a blockchain-based artificial intelligence-driven, self-made intelligent UAS traffic management (UTM) platform. The platform can be used to secure the safety of manned/unmanned low-altitude civil aviation flights in shared airspace.
The DEEP AERO UTM platform will coordinate the integration issues between UTM systems from a holistic perspective and make industrial sectors such as manufacturers, service providers and end users safe and efficient without disrupting the existing manned aviation system. Use a drone.
Distributed Sky: Distributed Sky is a non-profit research project that brings together experts from Australia, Singapore, Russia, Germany, and the United States. The development team began developing blockbuster technology to build an unmanned aerial vehicle control system two years ago. The goal is to overcome the challenges of the next phase of air traffic control.
The project uses blockchain technology to create a system that can be used by all stakeholders in the commercial drone market. The research team used blockchain and drone airspace open source projects to build a system that is most suitable for global air traffic control systems. The three main components of the UAV traffic management system are:
1. Registration system. The project leverages Ethereum blockchain technology to support the drone registration system, while the smart contract system enables intelligent drones to operate as fully independent economic units.
2. Communication system. The research team used MAVlink, the most common data rule in the UAV airspace. They also intend to use Ethereum's Whisper proctocol for real-time communication of drones to enhance the network security of the system.
3. Geofence and traffic control. The map data is stored via a blockchain-based p2p hypermedia protocol IPFS network, which can be used by drones to avoid entering the no-fly zone or hitting obstacles.
The project has undergone computer simulations and live-action exercises. The first pilot projects in Russia and the United States confirmed that multiple drones in the same airspace in smart mode can avoid collisions and stay away from the restricted area.
IBM: The Weather Company, owned by International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), recently launched real-time data to drone operators via Airframe, a drone airspace management platform. To support this demand for ultra-large capacity, the company is trying to solve the security risks with blockchain technology and strengthen the commercial drone ecosystem through radio frequency and blockchain management systems.
Third, intelligent sharing drone
Sergei Lonshakov: According to foreign media reports, at the 3rd Blockchain & Bitcoin Annual Conference, Russian developer Sergei Lonshakov showed off his “UAV staffâ€, a drone operated by a smart contract.
The “UAV Staff†is a good example of how the logistics network operates. The project, which began in December 2015, allows people to rent a drone and let it go to any designated location. The key is that the drone is not subject to any human control during the mission. The drone automatically measures distances, settles prices, collects and flies to destinations via Ethereum's smart contracts based on the public blockchain platform. When the drone returns to the base, it generates a transaction record informing the customer that the task has been completed and ends the contract.
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