Looking back on the development of laser technology in recent years, fiber lasers have maintained rapid development as a new type of light source and are gradually expanding in application fields. At present, the overall level of domestic fiber lasers still has a certain gap compared with the international level, but with the continuous breakthroughs of major domestic research institutes and enterprises, the gap between domestic and foreign is gradually narrowing. Next, OFweek laser network will take stock of the ten major developments and breakthroughs in the domestic fiber laser field in 2013 (the ranking is not in order):
1. The first high-power fiber laser collaborative innovation research center in China
Fiber laser, as the most active laser light source device at present, is a technology developed on the basis of EDFA technology. It is a cutting-edge subject of laser technology.
As early as 1961, E. Snitzer of American Optical Co., Ltd., etc. carried out pioneering work in the field of fiber lasers, but due to the limitations of relevant conditions, its experimental progress was relatively slow. In the 1980s, SBPoole of the University of Southhampton in the UK made a low-loss erbium-doped fiber by MCVD, which brought new prospects for fiber lasers.
With the wide application and development of optical fiber communication systems, research on applications in various fields such as ultrafast optoelectronics, nonlinear optics, and optical sensing has received increasing attention. Among them, fiber lasers based on optical fiber have made significant progress in reducing threshold, oscillation wavelength range, wavelength tunable performance, etc. It is an emerging technology in the field of optical communication. It can be used in existing communication systems to make Supporting higher transmission speeds is the basis for future high bit rate dense wavelength division multiplexing systems and future coherent optical communications.
At present, fiber laser is a frontier subject of laser technology research. Fiber laser has the advantages of small size, high efficiency, good beam quality, energy saving and environmental protection, and has broad application prospects in optical communication, laser processing, laser medicine, biotechnology and other fields. In recent years, China's fiber laser technology has made considerable progress, but there is still a clear gap between the overall level and sustainable development capabilities and the world's advanced level. In order to improve the overall level of China's fiber laser technology and meet the country's major strategic needs, the School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering of National University of Defense Technology, together with the Department of Precision Instruments and Mechanics of Tsinghua University and the Shanghai Institute of Optical Precision Machinery of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, jointly established the first A high-power fiber laser collaborative innovation research center.
The three superior units in the field of fiber lasers, including the School of Optoelectronics Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, the Department of Precision Instruments and Mechanics of Tsinghua University, and the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, will cultivate talents through the establishment of technical alliances, sharing of equipment, and joint training 〠Reciprocal research backbone and other forms, to carry out military-civilian fusion and collaborative innovation around the breakthrough of key technologies of fiber laser, and jointly promote the rapid development of fiber laser technology in China.
According to the relevant agreement, the parties to the joint construction will use the collaborative innovation center as a carrier to give full play to their respective advantages. Through strong cooperation and collaborative innovation, they will jointly promote the development of fiber laser technology, jointly develop and develop fiber lasers with world advanced levels, and change the country ’s high level. Power fiber lasers rely on imports, core technology and intellectual property rights are subject to foreign conditions, promoting the overall improvement and sustainable development of China's fiber laser technology.
2. All-fiber laser has made a major breakthrough
With the support of the advanced laser materials and all-solid-state laser technology theme projects in the field of new materials in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, major progress has been made in the kilowatt-level fiber materials and all-fiber laser projects undertaken by the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, which has recently passed the project Technical acceptance.
The subject solved the domestic preparation technology of low-photon darkened ytterbium-doped fiber, high-power fiber grating, and high-power pump beam combiner, developed a series of products or samples of double-clad fiber, fiber grating, and pump combiner to form A set of preparation technology for high-power fiber materials and core components with independent intellectual property rights has been developed. The developed ytterbium-doped fiber and core components are used in kilowatt-level fiber laser products.
Mastered the key technologies and related processes of the whole machine integration and large-scale production of kilowatt-level all-fiber lasers, and realized the mass production of single-mode all-fiber lasers from hundreds of watts to kilowatts, breaking the foreign monopoly. The developed series of high-power all-fiber lasers have gained important applications in the field of metal sheet cutting and welding.
During the implementation of the project, two high-tech companies specializing in R & D and production of high-power fiber lasers were established, and professional production demonstration lines were established to realize the industrialization of fiber lasers with hundreds of watts to kilowatts. In 2012, a small-scale production and sales capacity was formed.
As the current advanced high-power lasers for industrial processing, single-mode kilowatt-level all-fiber lasers still rely heavily on imports in China. The combination of high-power all-fiber laser and intelligent robot technology makes it possible to realize the flexibility and intelligence of high-power laser processing (such as welding, cutting, cladding, 3D printing, etc.), which is currently important for laser processing equipment at home and abroad. development trend. As a large manufacturing country, China has a relatively wide application demand for such high-efficiency all-fiber lasers, and has a broad market prospect.
3. Professor Peking University develops erbium-doped fiber laser
Femtosecond fiber lasers with high repetition rate have important applications in many aspects of optical technology, such as: laser frequency comb, high-speed optical sampling, and biological imaging. The Fourier transform limit pulses generated by it can also be used in many aspects, such as high-rate coherent optical communication.
For ring cavity erbium-doped fiber lasers, it is not easy to shorten the cavity length to make it work at a high repetition frequency. First, the doping concentration of the silicon-based fiber cannot be too high, which means that the gain fiber cannot be too short; even if the highest doped gain fiber is used, its dispersion is still positive, and the large positive dispersion in the cavity is not conducive to mode locking Starting, and it is difficult to obtain Fourier transform limited pulses, there must be a dispersion compensation fiber. This greatly limits the cavity length and repetition frequency of the laser. Secondly, the length of the conventional pump wavelength division multiplexer also limits the shortening of the cavity length.
Recently, the research team of Professor Zhang Zhigang of Peking University successfully realized the high-frequency nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locked laser output of erbium-doped fiber laser by using wavelength division multiplexing collimator (WDM-collimator) and dispersion compensation method.
WDM-collimator can couple a series of optical signals with different wavelengths into a bundle, transmit them along a single optical fiber, and then separate the combined optical signals at the receiving end.
In the experiment, they placed the composite device in an erbium-doped fiber laser, which greatly shortened the laser cavity length; at the same time, they used two erbium gain fibers with opposite dispersion signs, which can reduce the gain without significantly reducing the gain. Realize dispersion compensation. Using nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locking, the experiment obtained an approximate Fourier transform-limited femtosecond pulse (123 fs) at a higher repetition frequency (325 MHz).
The erbium-doped laser does not require extra-cavity compression, and it can stabilize the mode lock for a long time at the same time since it is started. These are of great significance for its practical application. In the follow-up work, the research group has prepared a WDM-collimator with lower loss, which can further reduce the cavity loss and increase the pulse energy in the cavity.
4. The first 500 picosecond pulsed fiber laser
During the 15th Shenzhen Optoelectronic Expo (CIOE 2013), Shenzhen iLuma Photonics launched the world's first 500 picosecond pulsed fiber laser IFL-20P-LM-P to meet the market's need for short pulse lasers. IFL-20P-LM-P laser is based on the company's own intellectual property rights short pulse drive technology, the pulse width adjustment range is 500ps-10ns, the frequency range is 150KHz-1MHz, the peak power of 500 picoseconds exceeds 35KW (1MHz), 700 picoseconds The peak power exceeds 28KW (1MHz), the peak power with a pulse width in the range of 1ns to 10ns is controlled in the range of 12KW-15KW; In addition, the laser uses temperature feedback control to make the output power fluctuate less than the temperature range of 12 ℃-55 ℃ 5% is an ideal light source in the field of fine processing.
Nanosecond pulsed fiber lasers have been widely used in metal marking, thin film removal, fine processing, solar silicon wafer and ceramic scribing, and have become the main light source for pulsed laser processing. With the deepening of fiber laser applications and industry segmentation, some materials that are sensitive to the thermal effect of laser processing (Thermal Effective Zone) have placed higher requirements on the pulse width of fiber lasers, requiring shorter pulse widths and higher peak power. In this context, picosecond lasers have received more and more attention and application development. Lasers with a pulse range of 10ps-100ps have been widely used in material cold processing (Cold Ablation), but due to the high cost and large size of the 10ps-100ps laser, many factors have affected the application range of this laser. In this context, the industry needs a new light source with a moderate price and performance between ns and sub-100ps. One of the more typical application areas is the blackening of PE plastics and anodized aluminum. Experiments have shown that when using a pulse with a pulse width of 500ps-1ns to strike black on the anodized aluminum surface, the blackness is increased by 20% -30% compared with the pulse width of 5ns-10ns, and the speed can be increased by 50% -100%. The -20P-LM-P picosecond laser can adjust the pulse width and pulse frequency according to different materials to achieve the best processing effect. No additional software or hardware is required for the control of the laser. Required intention requirements.
5. Ruike launches 10kw fiber laser
Fiber laser, as the most active laser light source device at present, is a technology developed on the basis of EDFA technology. It is a cutting-edge subject of laser technology.
The laser market is increasingly competitive. New technologies, new applications and continuous improvement of existing technologies are constantly changing the market pattern. Born in the 1960s, the fiber laser that developed after 90 years has continuously expanded its territory by virtue of her innate advantages, and has fully expanded into optical communications, high-power laser processing, laser medicine, and biotechnology, especially in laser processing. The development potential of Heguang Communications has amazed the industry. This new darling of the market may replace traditional lasers someday in the future.
In March, Wuhan Ruike Fiber Laser Technology Co., Ltd. showed its latest self-developed 10kw fiber laser at the Shanghai Optical Expo in Munich. This is the first time that Ruike has officially launched a 10kw continuous fiber laser to the market. It not only confirms that Ruike has the R & D and production strength of 10kw fiber laser, but also fills the gap in this technology in China.
The 10kw fiber laser has the characteristics of high beam quality, high electro-optical conversion efficiency, and maintenance-free operation. It can be widely used in remote welding, welding, cutting, brazing, heat treatment, rock and concrete drilling, etc. It is reported that there are currently only two companies in the world that have the research and development capabilities of 10,000-watt fiber lasers (including Ruike).
6. MOPA fiber laser with peak value exceeding 20,000 watts and water-cooled acousto-optic Q-switched pulse fiber laser with peak value exceeding 10,000 watts
Recently, in response to the growing industrial application market of pulsed fiber lasers with high energy and high repetition rate, Shenzhen Chuangxin Laser has launched a pulse width adjustable MOPA pulsed fiber laser with an average power of up to 100 watts and a peak power of up to 20,000 watts, exceeding SPI The maximum average power of fiber laser is 70W, which is the highest level in the world.
MFPT-100 pulse width adjustable MOPA pulse fiber laser's working wavelength is stable at 1064 + 4nm, power adjustable range 5% -100%, pulse width adjustable range 20ns-250ns, pulse repetition frequency 150-2000KHz, can be achieved through customization The peak power output of up to 1mJ meets many demands of industrial applications, and is a high-repetition product with high repetition frequency and plug-and-play.
The fiber laser adopts the industry standard DB25 interface method as the acousto-optic Q-switched pulse fiber laser. The cooling method is water cooling. It is widely used in ultra-high-speed drilling, deep carving, cutting, welding, precision machining, graphic carving, and ultra-high speed. Marking, flying marking, black marking of aluminum alloys, marking of non-metallic materials such as ceramics, PE, PVC and special materials, etc.
In terms of adjustable pulse width MOPA pulsed fiber laser, Chuangxin Laser's product line has covered 10W, 15W, 20W, 30W, 40W, 50W, 70W, 100W series.
Acousto-optic Q-switched pulsed fiber laser has the characteristics of short start-up time, narrow optical pulse, high peak power, wide repetition frequency range, etc., which greatly meets the needs of users. Chuangxin Laser has developed the acousto-optic Q-switched pulsed fiber laser with an average power of up to 100W using the most reliable design scheme. The laser has no light leakage when the laser is turned off, the operating wavelength is stable at 1064 + 4nm, the power adjustable range is 5% -100%, the pulse repetition frequency is 100-150KHZ, the width adjustable range is 100ns-140ns, and the power is up to 10KW. Peak power output, can be used for processing on aluminum, copper, gold, silver and other anti-high materials. This laser has a compact structure, water cooling, strong reliability and long service life. It is widely used in ultra-high-speed drilling, deep carving, cutting, welding, precision machining, graphic engraving, ultra-high-speed marking, flight marking, non-metallic Marking of materials and marking of special materials, etc.
In terms of Q-switching, Chuangxin Laser has covered 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 30W, 40W, 50W, 70W and 100W series. The Q-switching technology capability is currently the best in China, with the highest average power and peak power in the country. From January to June 2013 alone, Chuangxin laser Q-switched products have reached 2,000 units, a four-fold increase over 2012.
7. 5W single frequency fiber laser
Recently, the Ministry of Science and Technology organized relevant experts to examine and accept the key technical topics of the national 863 plan single-frequency laser undertaken by Shanxi University, South China University of Technology, Northwest University and other units. Experts from Tsinghua University, the Institute of Optoelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Semiconductors of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Jiaotong University, Taiyuan University of Technology and other units formed an expert committee, inspected the experimental site, reviewed the subject acceptance materials, and after consultation and discussion, agreed that the subject was successfully completed The assessment indicators specified in the task statement of the subject were agreed, and the subject was approved to pass the acceptance.
A single frequency laser is a laser whose output is a single transverse mode (generally the fundamental mode) and a single longitudinal mode. Single-frequency lasers have the advantages of good beam quality, long coherence length, narrow spectral line width, and good monochromaticity. Therefore, they are used in lidar, laser ranging, laser remote sensing, laser medical, spectroscopy, optical frequency standards and nonlinear optics. It has a wide range of applications in frequency conversion and other fields. Generally speaking, there are mainly the following schemes for obtaining single-frequency lasers: ring cavity, short cavity method, inserting mode selection elements into the cavity, torsion mode, pre-laser, seed injection, etc.
The subject focused on high-power all-solid-state continuous single-frequency green lasers and high-power single-frequency fiber lasers, and developed an all-solid-state continuous single-frequency green laser engineered prototype with an output power of 11W and a single-frequency fiber with an output power of 5W. Laser engineering prototype, and successfully applied to the Institute of Optomechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing University and other units. The relevant indicators of this achievement have surpassed similar foreign products and will play an important role in advancing China's optoelectronic research.
8. Shandong high-end fiber laser project put into production at the end of the year
On February 26, the Weihai High-tech Zone held the groundbreaking ceremony for the key projects of the district in 2013 at the Industrialization Base of Science and Technology New City. The 20 key projects were started on the same day, which kicked off the construction of the project in the new year. Xu Dongsheng, Member of the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee and Executive Deputy Mayor, attended the groundbreaking ceremony.
At the site of Haifu Photonics' high-end fiber laser project, the author saw that a large pile driver was standing high on the empty construction site, and several workers were working on pile driving. Zhang Qihang, deputy general manager of Haifu Photonics Technology Co., Ltd., on-site scheduling project, said that the main body of their plant will be completed in September this year, and will be put into production at the end of the year, mainly producing high-end fiber laser products with independent intellectual property rights and world-leading levels. The company is a high-tech company dedicated to the development of high-end fiber lasers. It was founded by the candidates of the thousand-member plan of the Central Organization Department. The core team is composed of academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, thousands of distinguished professors of the Central Organization Department and several overseas returnees. The research and development team includes Many doctors and masters with many years of experience in high-end fiber laser research and development.
9. Breakthrough in fiber lasers of National Defense Science and Technology University
Recently, a research group of the School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering of National University of Defense Technology has broken through the core key technologies with independent intellectual property rights such as fiber post-processing, overall cooling of the fiber tray, measurement of wideband fiber dispersion characteristics and fiber mode control technology, and developed high average power The near-infrared all-fiber supercontinuum light source has an average power exceeding 3.6 times that of similar international studies, and was selected as an important achievement of China's optics in 2012.
Professor Qin Shiqiao, the dean of the college, has just hosted a periodic report meeting of the project, and hurried to a laboratory to organize a project leader to discuss a problem on the spot. He said in an interview: President Xi asked us to keep in mind Fighting and winning battles is the key to strengthening the army. As a scientific and technological worker in the army, it is to firmly establish the laboratory is the battlefield, and engaging in scientific research is also the concept of fighting.
Fiber laser represents the development direction and trend of high energy laser, and has important application value. How much power can a single fiber single-mode laser produce? The Lawrence National Laboratory in the United States asserts that the maximum can reach 36 kilowatts. Associate Researcher Zhou Pu of the Institute of High Energy Laser Technology is not convinced of this evil. He led the students through a solid theoretical analysis and made a 73 kilowatt conclusion. After the paper was published, Aroused great attention from the international optical community.
Fiber laser coherent synthesis is a research hotspot in the laser field. Due to the complexity of the system and the difficulty of development, the maximum output power of such systems in the world was only 725 watts. The research team led by Professor Liu Zejin of the Institute started from the most basic physical mechanism, invented two new phase control methods, developed a kilowatt-level fiber laser coherent synthesis test system, and each technical index has reached the highest international level in this field.
In the battlefield, the winner is only the first, and the second means failure. We must always maintain a charge attitude in the field of high-energy laser development, and firmly grasp the initiative in the core key technology. Researcher Xu Xiaojun, director of the Institute of High Energy Laser Technology, said.
A research institute of this institute has been engaged in the development of a laser device for more than 40 years. They have developed the principle prototype as early as the 1980s, but whether they can really play a role in weaponry and equipment at that time was unclear. Academician Gao Bolong, the first-generation academic leader, encouraged everyone: Only when the device we developed can be applied to equipment can it be considered as a soldier. We must continue until we develop a practical device. Finally, a practical laser device was developed in the 1990s.
At the beginning of the new century, due to its excellent performance, a new device was selected by the naval forces as the core navigation component, and the range test was repeatedly successful. A navy leader praised at the test site: This is the first time such a naval force has achieved 100% success in such tests, and it is very worthy of celebration. However, the scientific researchers of the institute feared that there were still problems with the device that would affect the combat performance, and organized strict tests again and again. Sure enough, it was found that the light intensity of the device was not stable, which would cause hidden dangers after several years of use.
10. The first commercial graphene femtosecond fiber laser
The China Graphene Standardization Forum, sponsored by the China Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance and the People ’s Government of Taizhou City, was held in Taizhou on December 8. At this forum, China Graphene Standardization Committee announced its establishment.
Union Secretary-General Li Yichun said that the Taizhou Graphene Research and Testing Platform is responsible for handling the daily work of the Standardization Committee. On the same day, the Graphene Standardization Committee discussed the graphene standard system model and work roadmap. Its official standard document is expected to be released in the near future, which will be beneficial to the healthy and orderly development of China's graphene industry.
In addition, the forum released the world's first commercial graphene femtosecond fiber laser. This product solves the key technical problems of large-scale low-cost transfer of graphene and the interaction between graphene and light field strength.
In 2004, two Russian-British scientists successfully separated graphene from graphite. Graphene combines the best quality of various materials in the world. If the 20th century is the century of silicon, the magic graphene is the darling of new materials in the 21st century.
Graphene is very versatile and is a new material that scientists have high hopes for. In the manufacturing industry, it is not only used in the fields of semiconductor chips, solar cells, high-strength housing materials, but also in terms of optics, graphene also has a considerable use.
Recently, according to foreign media reports, some research institutions from abroad have found that this material, graphene, has incredible light absorption capabilities, and can also quickly convert absorbed light waves into lasers with shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies for a duration of A few femtoseconds. Scientists say that with this new discovery, they can invent more high-temperature laser-launched weapons (graphene ultra-high temperature resistance) in the future.
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